Human serum albumin (HSA) is a cystine-rich serum protein taken up by many cells through receptor-mediated and fluid-phase endocytosis. We hypothesized that HSA may play a role in modulating cellular antioxidant redox signaling. Lung epithelial cells (A549), fibroblasts (HFL1), and blood lymphocytes had increased glutathione (GSH) levels after 8 h incubation with HSA. Similar GSH increases were...

Although several studies have documented intra- and extracellular glutathione (GSH) deficiency in asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the mechanisms responsible for the altered GSH homeostasis remain unknown. To determine whether decreased synthesis contributes to this alteration of GSH homeostasis, a primed-constant infusion of [2H2]glycine was used to measure the fracti...

The present study shows the use of confocal autofluorescence spectroscopy coupled with the time-resolved fluorescence decay analysis to measure changes in FAD/NAD[P]H and free/bound NAD[P]H in HepG(2) cells at 0.5, 1.5, 3 and 4.5h after exposure to cadmium chloride (Cd). These changes were compared to changes in GSSG/GSH and production of reactive oxygen radicals (ROS) production. The results d...

HIV infects and destroys CD4+ T cells leading to a compromised immune system. In a double-blinded study, a group of HIV-infected individuals with CD4+ T cell counts below 350 cells/mm3 were given either an empty liposomal supplement or a liposomal glutathione (L-GSH) supplement to take over a 3-month period. Baseline measurements in HIV-positive subjects show a significant decrease in levels of...

In recent years, there has been an escalation in alcohol abuse and inevitably, alcohol related disorders are becoming an increasingly important cause of morbidity and mortality. Alcohol is known to induce a dose dependent increase in lipid peroxidation. Alcohol related disabilities are more pronounced when taken along with diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). The present work aims at...

Oxygen derived free radicals and peroxides result from many antitumor treatments, including radiation and anthracyclines. Doxorubicin cardiotoxicity is thought to result from free radical induced lipid peroxidation. The heart has less active detoxification enzymes than does the liver and depends on selenium dependent glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) for this function. We did a sequential prospec...

Cisplatin preferentially accumulates in cells of the S3 segment of the renal proximal tubule and is toxified intracellularly by hydration. The earliest manifestation of toxicity is inhibition of protein synthesis. GSH depletion is another important mechanism causing CP toxicity. Intracellular binding to SH groups leads to GSH depletion, resulting in lipid peroxidation and eventually mitochondri...

background: diazinon (dzn) is an organophosphate pesticide that widely used for agricultural pest control all over the world. dzn affects target organs including reproductive system by inhibiting the activity of acetylcholinesterase and inducing oxidative stress. vitamin e (α-tocopherol) is a strong antioxidant which inhibits free radicals, and probably can reduce lipid perxidation effectively ...

Pancreatitis has the potential to occur with increasing cases of hyperlipidemia and alcohol consumption. Meanwhile, until now pharmacotherapy for pancreatitis is more emphasized pain relief lowering triglyceride levels (for HFD-induced pancreatitis). The polyphenol (quercetin) several biological activities, including anti-cancer, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory ant-diabetic. This study aimed ev...