Urban sprawl was conceptualized by Glaeser and Kahn [1] as unplanned expansion of urban areas which is characterized by low density physical development and non-existence of basic municipal infrastructure usually beyond urban fringes. Some early urban development researchers like Alonso [2], Mill [3] and Muth [4] attributed the emergence of sprawl to ‘mono-centric city model’, which suggests sp...

Urban sprawl was conceptualized by Glaeser and Kahn [1] as unplanned expansion of urban areas which is characterized by low density physical development and non-existence of basic municipal infrastructure usually beyond urban fringes. Some early urban development researchers like Alonso [2], Mill [3] and Muth [4] attributed the emergence of sprawl to ‘mono-centric city model’, which suggests sp...

In this research, we model a project management system for FUTA Step-B and other programme by using non-learning data structure which makes the encryption easy, fully secure time efficient. We devise method that relies on Earned Value Management (EVM) to solve questions efficient forecasting can be used control problem of under budget or over predictive accuracy each was calculated. Evaluating ...