Ingestion of disk batteries may have serious complications such as esophageal burn, perforation, and tracheoesophageal fistula, particularly when the battery is caught in the esophagus. Proper placement of the tracheal tube is critical when tracheoesophageal fistula was occurred from esophageal impaction the battery. Endoscopy of upper gastrointestinal tract in infants and children is an import...

Airway management in patients presenting with severe airway obstruction can present a challenge to the anaesthetist, as conventional difficult pathways are often inappropriate. The use of transtracheal jet cannula is an alternative means securement, but lack familiarity has limited its general tertiary hospitals. We report retrospective audit ventilation healthcare centre over past seven years,...

Upper airway obstruction is common during both anaesthesia and sleep. Obstruction is caused by loss of muscle tone present in the awake state. The velopharynx, a particularly narrow segment, is especially predisposed to obstruction in both states. Patients with a tendency to upper airway obstruction during sleep are vulnerable during anaesthesia and sedation. Loss of wakefulness is compounded b...

The airway epithelium is an important barrier between the environment and subepithelial tissues. The epithelium is also divided into functionally restricted apical and basolateral domains, and this restriction is dependent on the elements of the barrier. The protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) receptor is expressed in airway epithelium, and its activation initiates multiple effects including e...

Acute macroglossia, while rare and often limited in duration, can present significant management challenges. The anatomic position of the tongue, which can result in airway compromise in cases of enlargement, contributes significantly to difficulty with management. We review several management options for persistent acute onset lingual macroglossia and present a novel noninvasive management tec...

INTRODUCTION Supraglottic laryngeal cysts are benign, uncommon lesions that have the potential to cause airway compromise. CASE PRESENTATION We present a case of a 46-year-old Caucasian woman who was scheduled for excision of a large neck growth (saccular cyst) and was managed successfully. There was thorough consideration regarding anesthetic and surgical management. Steps taken led to a suc...

Adult acute epiglottitis is a rare but life-threatening disease caused by obstruction of the airway. The symptoms and signs of this disease may be nonspecific without apparent airway compromise. We encountered 3 consecutive cases of adult patients with this disease in a single 5-month period in one physician's office. In all cases, physical examination revealed tenderness of the anterior neck o...

HMD, demonstrating that ventilator strategy can contribute to the progression of HMD. The protective ventilatory strategy used by Meredith et al16 also included an attempt to maximally recruit the lung by using a high mean airway pressure. Although this approach improved gas exchange, the animals developed clinical signs of cardiac compromise. The problems with cardiac output impairment were av...

The common congenital lung malformations have traditionally been divided into separate pathological entities such as pulmonary airway malformations, cystic adenomatoid malformations, congenital lobar emphysema, intra or extra pulmonary sequestrations, bronchogenic and foregut cysts. Some may produce respiratory compromise immediately after birth or even in utero. The management of such life thr...