We analyze the dynamics of public and private sector employment, using the natural experiment provided by the partial privatization of the Bangladeshi jute industry. A differences-in-differences approach allows us to infer ownership effects. Although the public sector had substantial excess employment of workers initially, this excess was substantially eroded by the end of the period we study. ...

a r t i c l e i n f o The concept of sustainable economic growth is closely linked with the agricultural growth. This is especially true in the context of underdeveloped countries. Pakistan is a typical underdeveloped country that has huge labor force employed in conventional rural economy and more than half of the population relies on agriculture for subsistence. The study examines the agricul...

Agriculture, Forest and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector contributes about a quarter of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emission [1] though its contribution is small in Japan [2]. In addition, technologies to reduce GHGs from agriculture sector are not expensive [3]. It is therefore worth reducing GHGs from this sector. It includes soil carbon (C) sequestration and mitigation of methane (CH4) and Nitr...

Using data from the Workplace Industrial Relations Surveys of 1980, 1984, and 1990, the authors investigate processes of job creation and job destruction in Britain. They find that rates of employment growth, job creation, and job destruction were higher at the end of the 1980s than at the beginning. Bothjob creation and job destruction were extremely concentrated: about 50% of each was account...

On February 2, 2002, Lithuania switched its currency anchor from the dollar to the euro. While pegging to the dollar (since April 1994) has proven successful throughout the transition years, the recent decision to peg to the euro was motivated by the increasing trade relations with European economies. This paper does not argue which peg is more appropriate, but it analyses the implications of c...

This paper aims at contributing to the employment e ects of minimum wages in a unionised economy. In a dual labour market model, the rst sector outcome is characterised by bargaining between unions and rms, while in the second sector rms have to pay a statutory minimum wage. The model shows that a minimum wage increase has negative employment effects only if the bargaining outcome is described ...

Introduction Agricultural development is critical to the reconstruction of Afghanistan. Central to rebuilding the agriculture sector is the need for an effective agriculture research and extension system. Throughout the world, and in Afghanistan, agriculture research and extension is in transition – influenced by trends toward reduced government intervention in the economy, growth of the privat...

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Although agriculture has a major role in economy, in general, and employment opportunities for unemployed population,in particular, limited ability of individuals to recognize entrepreneurial opportunities in agriculture has reduced the share ofagriculture in employment. Therefore, the enhancement of opportunity recognition skills among individuals in the agriculture sector is believed to solve...

Wages in traditional agrarian societies are often observed to be above reservation wages even in the slack season when markets are in a state of excess labour supply. Models of noncooperative wage setting by landlords which explicitly take account of the costs of supervising hired labour and emphasize worker heterogeneity are developed and analyzed. Conditions are given for the existence of com...