Population aging, caused by reductions in fertility and increasing longevity, varies by country and is anticipated to continue and to reach global proportions during the 21st century. Although the effects of population aging have been well documented for decades, the impact of aging on people with spinal cord injury (SCI) has not received similar attention. It is reasonable to expect that popul...

According to a report by world health organization (WHO) in 2018, the population of the elderly over 60 years will double from 2015 to 2050, and will increase between12% to 22%. Also, in 2050, 80 % of the elderly will be from low and middle-income countries. Though population changes toward aging has begun from developed countries such as Japan, but in the middle of the 20th century, the elderl...

Recently, individual-based models originally used for biological purposes revealed interesting insights into processes of the competition of languages. Within this new field of population dynamics a model considering sexual populations with ageing is presented. The agents are situated on a lattice and each one speaks one of two languages or both. The stability and quantitative structure of an i...

We review the results obtained using the Penna model for biological ageing (T.J.P. Penna, J. Stat. Phys. 78 (1995) 1629) when di erent strategies of parental care are introduced into evolving populations. These results concern to: longevity of semelparous populations; self-organization of female menopause; the spatial distribution of the populations and nally, sexual delity. c ©1999 Elsevier Sc...

The 20th century has seen unprecedented growth of the human population on this planet. While at the beginning of the century the Earth had an estimated 1.6 billion inhabitants, this number grew to 6.1 billion by the end of the century, and further significant growth is a near certainty. This paper tries to summarize what factors lie behind this extraordinary expansion of the human population an...

Changing demographics have brought a dramatic increase in the need for research health care of population, and understanding countering opportunities challenges presented by an aging process aging, enhancing positive aspects aging. It is also envisaged that knowledge through on elderly has large potential improving individual lives society. Since population represents vulnerable group, it thus ...

There are many age-associated changes in the respiratory and pulmonary immune system. These changes include decreases in the volume of the thoracic cavity, reduced lung volumes, and alterations in the muscles that aid respiration. Muscle function on a cellular level in the aging population is less efficient. The elderly population has less pulmonary reserve, and cough strength is decreased in t...

As a country with large population in the world, China is currently aging. This paper starts from basic needs of elderly's care environment, and takes psychological needs, physiological behavioral as starting point, explores ecological design community landscape under background aging to meet many today's population.

aging coefficient (ac) or aged-child ratio or age composition; takes into account the numbers and areas at both ends of the age distribution simultaneously. ac is the total number of individuals aged 65 years and more, divided by the total number of individuals aged 14 years, multiplied by 100. herein, age composition in iranian popu1ations, according to different provinces, place of residence ...

India, along with the rest of the world, is aging rapidly, but more so. Of a total population of over 1.2 billion, the aging population over 60 years is 109 million, projected to rise above 300 million by the year 2050, exceeding the younger population. One important ramification of this highly populous and under-resourced setting is that it provides a ripe environment for elder abuse (Chokkana...