Differential diagnosis of orofacial pain is crucial, as the course of each process and its clinical management varies markedly. A case is illustrated here of trigeminal neuralgia in a 49-year-old Indian female whose complaint was initially diagnosed as dental pain leading to sequential extractions of her right mandibular and maxillary molars but with no pain abatement. Subsequent neurological a...

In recent years, a rapidly increasing number of studies have focused on the association between metabolic syndrome and several chronic diseases. However, it is difficult to determine a well defined pathogenic relationship, due to the etiological heterogeneity and comorbidities of these diseases. Research efforts are aiming to identify the convergent biological mechanisms that mediate the effect...

Ethylene is an important hormonal regulator of plant growth that acts by regulating gene expression. In this issue of Cell, Guo and Ecker, and Potuschak et al., show that ethylene increases the abundance of the transcription factor EIN3, an activator of ethylene-inducible genes, by relieving its SCF-mediated destruction.

BACKGROUND It was previously thought that persons with genetic predispositions to vitiligo develop the condition after exposure to various precipitating environmental factors. However, in many cases, the aggravating factors of vitiligo have not been clearly identified. OBJECTIVE To identify the aggravating factors of vitiligo in the working environment and daily life. METHODS A total of 489...

Traffic shifting based load balancing (LB) schemes reduce the load of the hot-spot base station (BS), by shifting its traffic to its less-loaded neighbouring cells, called partners. Under the condition of multiple hot-spot BSs shifting traffic to one partner, this partner becomes a public partner. In conventional LB schemes, each hot-spot BS makes its traffic shifting decision independently. Th...