It is widely known that the inoculum size of the test organism greatly influences the size of inhibition zones in the agar diffusion assay technique, but little quantitative work on this subject has been reported. Mitchison and Spicer (1949), compared different size inocula of the "Mayo" strain of Staphylococcus aureus in the assay of streptomycin, and concluded that greater sensitivity was exp...

We performed Etest, disk diffusion, and broth microdilution susceptibility testing of 2,171 clinical isolates of Candida spp. against posaconazole. By using provisional breakpoints for comparison purposes only, the categorical agreement between the agar-based methods and broth microdilution results ranged from 93 to 98%, with <1% very major errors. The essential agreement (within 2 well dilutio...

A profound in vitro evaluation not only of the cytotoxic but also of bioactive potential of a given compound or material is crucial for predicting potential effects in the in vivo situation. However, most of the current methods have weaknesses in either the quantitative or qualitative assessment of cytotoxicity and/or bioactivity of the test compound. Here we describe a novel assay combining th...

background and aims. enterococci are gram-positive cocci that often occur in pairs (diplococci) or short chains. beside developing high level of antibiotic resistance, these bacteria can cause wide range of disease in human, thus to help provide an effective treatment for infections caused by this genus, this study was conceived to provide information on enterococcus faecalis antibiotic resista...

Some series of arylidene barbiturates and thiobarbiturates were evaluated for their antibacterial, antioxidant, and urease inhibition activities. The arylidene barbiturates and thiobarbiturates were tested for antimicrobial activity using the agar well diffusion technique against 13 bacteria. The synthesized compounds (1a-g) were screened for antiurease and antioxidant activities. The results s...

The antibacterial effect of Emblica officinalis essential oil was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus. The solvents used for extraction of essential oil were methanol, dichloromethane, hexane and chloroform. In vitro antibacterial activity was performed by agar well diffusion method. The results obtained in the present study suggest that Emblica officinalis essential oil used the treatme...

The inhibitory activity of Lactobacillus species has been well documented (1–5,7,11–13,15) and is usually a result of the secretion of secondary metabolites including hydrogen peroxide, organic acids, and peptides (2–5, 11–13,15). Peptides that exhibit an inhibitory effect on any other microorganisms are classified as bacteriocins (5). Bacteriocins have been shown to inhibit a wide range of mic...