The epidemiological studies suggest that aflatoxins, the toxic metabolites of the ubiquitous mold Aspergillus flavus, may play a significant role in the evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma in man in certain geographic areas of the world. To ascertain their carcinogenicity in nonhuman primates, we have administered highly purified aflatoxin B1, intermittently in the diet at 2 ppm, to 10 female...

Title: Association Between Aflatoxin B1 Albumin Adduct Levels and Tuberculosis Infection Among HIV+ Ghanaians. Background: Aflatoxin exposure has been shown to cause cell-mediated immune suppression and enhance HIV viral replication. Such immune suppression from aflatoxin can impair resistance to both infectious diseases and chronic infections. Methods: Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence i...

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a highly toxic and carcinogenic metabolite produced by Aspergillus species on food and agricultural commodities. Inhibitory effects of essential oils of Ageratum conyzoides (mentrasto) and Origanum vulgare (oregano) on the mycelial growth and aflatoxin B1 production by Aspergillus flavus have been studied previously in culture medium. The aim of this study was to evaluate...

suppression of cell mediated immunity. Aflatoxins were detected more commonly in urine from users in The Netherlands than from those in ,Merseyside. Aflatoxin B1, the most toxic aflatoxin, was detected in eight specimens from The Netherlands but only one from Merseyside; the most common aflatoxin detected in the specimens from Merseyside was aflatoxin MI, a less toxic derivative of B1. These va...

Aflatoxin B1 has been suggested as a causative agent for a G to T mutation at codon 249 in the p53 gene in human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) from southern Africa and Qidong in China. The objective of the present work was to test the hypothesis that exposure to aflatoxin B1 either alone or coincident with other environmental carcinogens might be associated with allelic losses occurring durin...

Aspergillus parasiticus RCMB 002001 (2) producing four types of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 was used in this study as an aflatoxin-producer. Penicillium griseofulvum, P. urticae, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Trichoderma viride, Candida utilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae as well as a non-toxigenic strain of Aspergillus flavus were found to be able to exhibit growth on aflatoxin B1-containing medium u...

Thirty different isolates of actinomycetes collected from different localities in Gharbia Governorate, Egypt were tested for melanin pigment production. Only one isolate produced melanin and identified as Streptomyces torulosus. The selected actinomycete isolate was grown under different cultural conditions and it was found that starch-nitrate medium was the optimum for the growth of selected i...

A capacitive biosensor was used for detection of aflatoxin B1. Two different methods for cleaning gold electrodes were evaluated using cyclic voltammetry in the presence of ferricyanide as redox couple. The methods involve use of a sequence of cleaning steps avoiding the use of Piranha solution and plasma cleaner. Anti-aflatoxin B1 was immobilized on self-assembled monolayers (SAM). The immune-...

Moldy feed toxicosis was recognized as a serious livestock problem in the 1950's but it was only in 1960 during the investigations in the United Kingdom of moldy feed toxicosis which was called Turkey “x” disease, that A. flavus and A. parasiticus were identified as the organisms responsible for the elaboration of the toxin in the feed. The earliest symptoms of the disease are lithargy and musc...

Incremental samples (50, 100, and 500 g) were systematically collected from large shipments of copra meal pellets, copra cake, and palm kernel cake to study the distribution of aflatoxin B1 and evaluate adherence of distribution to the model, CV(2)is (EQ) = A + B/Mis (where CVis = coefficient of variation of the true concentration of aflatoxin B1 within the incremental samples; Mis = mass of th...