This study is a part of the Study On Air Pollution and Health In Taiwan (SOAP&HIT), an ongoing research project involving cooperation of several universities in Taiwan. In this study, the objective was to evaluate the effects of ambient air pollution on respiratory symptoms and diseases of school children, in addition to considering indoor air pollution. Six communities were selected: one commu...

OBJECTIVE Death of a parent in childhood can diminish both the nurturing that promotes healthy development, and household income. We consider, for the first time, whether this adverse childhood experience is associated with self-rated health decades later, among seniors and whether this lifelong effect is different for women and men. METHODS The International Mobility in Aging (IMIAS) study i...

OBJECTIVES To present data on the comparative and interactive workplace costs of depression relative to other health problems in the workforce of a large employer. METHODS The World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire was used to assess self-reported health problems and work performance. Survey data were linked to medical-pharmacy claims data. Regression analysis was...

Social inequality in adverse birth outcomes has been demonstrated in several countries. The present study examined the separate and joint effects of parental education and work in order to investigate the causal pathways of social class effects on adverse birth outcomes in Korea. The occurrence of low birth weight, preterm births, and intrauterine growth retardation was examined among 7,766,065...

Cadmium (Cd), a by-product of zinc production, is one of the most toxic elements to which man can be exposed at work or in the environment. Once absorbed, Cd is efficiently retained in the human body, in which it accumulates throughout life. Cd is primarily toxic to the kidney, especially to the proximal tubular cells, the main site of accumulation. Cd can also cause bone demineralization, eith...

Chronic toxicity, rat: No data gap, no adverse effect Chronic toxicity, dog: No data gap, no adverse effect Oncogenicity, rat: No data gap, no adverse effect Oncogenicity, mouse: No data gap, no adverse effect Reproduction, rat: No data gap, no adverse effect Teratology, rat: No data gap, no adverse effect Teratology, rabbit: No data gap, no adverse effect Gene mutation: No data gap, no adverse...

Introduction Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent synthetic organochlorines. Due to their lipophilicity they accumulate in the food chain and in human lipid tissue and can cause a variety of dose-dependent adverse health effects in different tissues and organs. Although their prohibition in the early 1980ies led to a significant decrease of the body burden of the population, PCBs are...

Background: The special approaches by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) had adapted to beta2-agonists and the implications for athlete, these are reviewed by a former Olympic team physician who later became a member of the Medical Commission of the International Olympic Committee. Steadily increasing knowledge of the effects of inhaled beta2-agonists on health is concerned with the fact...

BACKGROUND A growing body of research identifies the harmful effects that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs; occurring during childhood or adolescence; eg, child maltreatment or exposure to domestic violence) have on health throughout life. Studies have quantified such effects for individual ACEs. However, ACEs frequently co-occur and no synthesis of findings from studies measuring the effect...