Abstract: This paper presents results on performance limitations for direct fired coal power plants. A specific feature of this system is the existence of a very large input delay between one of the inputs, namely coal flow, and the two outputs, load and vapour pressure. This problem motivates the main theoretical question addressed in this paper: To examine tracking performance limitations in ...

With the Nation's coal-burning utilities facing the possibility of tighter controls on mercury pollutants, the U.S. Department of Energy is funding projects that could offer power plant operators better ways to reduce these emissions at much lower costs. Mercury is known to have toxic effects on the nervous system of humans and wildlife. Although it exists only in trace amounts in coal, mercury...

Global greenhouse gas emissions need to peak soon and be reduced practically to zero in the second half of this century in order to not exceed the climate targets adopted in the Paris Agreement. However, there are currently numerous coal-fired power stations around the world at different stages of construction and planning that could be completed in the next decade. If all these plants are actu...

eaf plants normally consume coal and coke as reactants, alloying elements, or fuel. the price of these materials varies from € 0.20-0.35/kg. this is while nearly 10 million pieces of tires are annually discarded in iran. the present study shows that scrap tires can be used as a substitute for coal and coke in eaf plants. thirteen grades of steel including low, medium, and high carbon steels as ...

In this study, the structures of external costs are built in line with coal-fired and biomass power plant life cycle activities in Northeast China. The external cost of coal-fired and biomass power plants was compared, using the lifecycle approach. In addition, the external costs of a biomass power plant are calculated for each stage for comparison with those of a coal-fired power plant. The re...

The decision to invest in new power plants is affected by the actions and evaluations of investors, regulators, utility managers, and power plant developers. Utility managers and power plant developers are key decision makers because it is their assessment of the market for electricity that drives the process. In regulated utility markets, regulators also play a crucial role, as their approval ...

Substitution of natural gas for coal in China’s power sector could significantly reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, but gas-fired power is generally more costly than coal-fired power in China today. This paper explores how carbon charges and carbon sequestration technology might tip the balance in favour of gas. The costs of electricity from new coal-fired and gas-fired power plants in China a...

Stabilization of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations will require significant cuts in electric sector carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The ability to capture and sequester CO2 in a manner compatible with today’s fossil-fuel based power generation infrastructure offers a potentially low-cost contribution to a larger climate change mitigation strategy. The extent to which carbon capture and ...