Small mesenteric arteries supplying partially isolated jejunal segments were totally occluded for 5 minutes and then released. With video microscopy, blood flow was calculated from measurements of submucosal arteriolar diameter and red blood cell velocity. For the first 30 minutes of reperfusion, the serosa was superfused with a Ringer's vehicle containing either adenosine (ADO; 10(-4) M), acet...

BACKGROUND Adenosine (Ado) triggers numerous protective mechanisms in the heart that may attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury in cardiac grafts. We aimed to establish whether sustained increase in endogenous Ado production by the combined application of Ado metabolism inhibitors and nucleotide precursors attenuates reperfusion injury in transplanted hearts. METHODS AND RESULTS Rat hearts wer...

Adenosine and adenosine triphosphate are involved in purinergic signaling which plays an important role in control of the immune system. Much data have been obtained regarding impact of purinergic signaling on dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes and T lymphocytes, however less attention has been paid to purinergic regulation of B cells. This review summarizes present knowledge on ATP- and A...

By generalizing the Miura transformation for WN to other classical W algebras obtained by hamiltonian reduction, we find realisations of these algebras in terms of relatively simple non-abelian current algebras, e.g. ŝl(2) × û(1)N , generalizing the free field realisation of WN . As an example, we present the ŝl(2)× û(1) realisation of W2 3 , which we also quantize. By a specific example, we al...

This paper is concerned with the distribution in the complex plane of the roots of a polynomial sequence {Wn(x)}n≥0 given by a recursion Wn(x) = aWn−1(x) + (bx + c)Wn−2(x), with W0(x) = 1 and W1(x) = t(x − r), where a > 0, b > 0, and c, t, r ∈ R. Our results include proof of the distinct-real-rootedness of every such polynomial Wn(x), derivation of the best bound for the zero-set {x | Wn(x) = 0...

An elliptic divisibility sequence (EDS) is a sequence of integers (Wn)n≥0 generated by the nonlinear recursion satisfied by the division polyomials of an elliptic curve. We give a formula for the sign of Wn for unbounded nonsingular EDS, a typical case being Sign(Wn) = (−1) ⌊nβ⌋ for an irrational number β ∈ R. As an application, we show that the associated sequence of absolute values (|Wn|) can...

Consider a random walk on the mapping class group, and let wn be the location of the random walk at time n. A random Heegaard splitting M(wn) is a 3-manifold obtained by using wn as the gluing map between two handlebodies. We show that the joint distribution of (wn, w −1 n ) is asymptotically independent, and converges to the product of the harmonic and reflected harmonic measures defined by th...

ABSTRACT We provide line luminosities and spectroscopic templates of prominent optical emission lines 133 Galactic Wolf–Rayet (WR) stars by exploiting Gaia DR3 parallaxes spectrophotometry, comparisons with 112 counterparts in the Magellanic Clouds. Average broad blue (He ii λ4686, C iii λλ4647,51, N λλ4634,41, v λλ4603,20) yellow (C iv λλ5801,12) features for WN, WN/C, WC, WO have application ...

West Nile (WN) virus was found throughout New York State in 2000, with the epicenter in New York City and surrounding counties. We tested 3,403 dead birds and 9,954 mosquito pools for WN virus during the transmission season. Sixty-three avian species, representing 30 families and 14 orders, tested positive for WN virus. The highest proportion of dead birds that tested positive for WN virus was ...