Faunal remains from archaeological sites allow for the identification of animal species that enables better understanding relationships between humans and animals, not only their morphological information, but also ancient biomolecules (lipids, proteins, DNA) preserved in these thousands even millions years. However, due to costs efforts required biomolecular analysis, there has been considerab...

BACKGROUND New polymorphism datasets from heterochroneous data have arisen thanks to recent advances in experimental and microbial molecular evolution, and the sequencing of ancient DNA (aDNA). However, classical tools for population genetics analyses do not take into account heterochrony between subsets, despite potential bias on neutrality and population structure tests. Here, we characterize...

Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) has a characteristic clinical presentation, morphology, and immunophenotype, representing a clinically favorable subgroup of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). By gene expression profiling (GEP), PMBCL shares features with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Of further interest, BCL6 gene mutations and BCL6 and/or MUM1 expression in a number o...

Studies of genetically modified mice provide a powerful approach to investigate consequences of altered gene expression in physiological and pathological states. The goal of the present study was to characterize afferent, central, and efferent components of the baroreceptor reflex in anesthetized Webster 4 mice. Baroreflex and baroreceptor afferent functions were characterized by measuring chan...

Societal Impact Statement Combining natural and social science approaches to conduct archeological research on wooden cultural relics is important for exploring major aspects of ancient civilizations. The Forbidden City in Beijing, China, the largest existing palace complex world. We examined DNA imperial wood “Nanmu” specimens taken from representative structural components City, order provide...

In 1968, a weapon grave with brooches was found at Suontaka Vesitorninmäki, Hattula, Finland. Since then, the has been interpreted as evidence of powerful women, even female warriors and leaders in early medieval Others have denied possibility woman buried sword tried to explain it double burial. We present first modern analysis grave, including an examination its context, soil sample for micro...

Yersinia pestis has been identified as the causative agent of the Black Death pandemic in the 14(th) century. However, retrospective diagnostics in human skeletons after more than 600 years are critical. We describe a strategy following a modern diagnostic algorithm and working under strict ancient DNA regime for the identification of medieval human plague victims. An initial screening and DNA ...

While atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is known to be common among modern people exposed to various risk factors, recent paleopathological studies have shown that it affected ancient populations much more frequently than expected. In 2010, we investigated a 17th century Korean female mummy with presumptive ASCVD signs. Although the resulting report was a rare and invaluable conjec...