KEY POINTS Neuroinflammation associated with CNS insults leads to neuronal hyperexcitability, which may culminate in epileptiform discharges. Application of the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to brain tissue initiates a neuroinflammatory cascade, providing an experimental model to study the mechanisms of neuroinflammatory neuronal hyperexcitability. Here we show that LPS application to hipp...

Drug delivery to the Central Nervous System (CNS) in treatment of CNS related disorders is very complicated and challenging. Although some neuropharmaceutical agents have great potential for treating CNS disorders, major challenge to CNS drug delivery is the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB), which limits the access of drugs to the brain. Progress in brain drug delivery has lagged behind other areas be...

Introduction: To obtain a baseline for clinical application of Electroencephalography in children and to evaluate the Electroencephalography findings in children with various acute and chronic CNS disorders and non epileptic events.Methods: electroencephalography Electroencephalography records of 250 patients were studied in neurophysiology departments of Queen Rania AL-Abdullah Hospital for ch...

Abstract Inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) include clinically and pathologically distinct disorders. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated disease (MOGAD) is a recently characterized antibody-mediated inflammatory disorder CNS with clinical presentations which optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. The heterogeno...

Estrogen has well-documented neuroprotective effects in a variety of clinical and experimental disorders of the CNS, including autoimmune inflammation, traumatic injury, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases. The beneficial effects of estrogens in CNS disorders include mitigation of clinical symptoms, as well as attenuation of histopathological signs of neurodegeneration and inflammation. The ...

Prion diseases are a unique group of transmissible, typically sub-acute, neurodegenerative disorders. During central nervous system (CNS) prion disease, the microglia become activated and are thought to provide a protective response by scavenging and clearing prions. The mammalian intestine is host to a large burden of commensal micro-organisms, especially bacteria, termed the microbiota. The c...

Dysregulation of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a hallmark feature of numerous neurologic disorders as diverse as multiple sclerosis, stroke, epilepsy, viral hemorrhagic fevers, cerebral malaria, and acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis. CD8 T cells are one immune cell type that have been implicated in promoting vascular permeability in these conditions. Our laboratory has created a murine mod...

abstract background: a tumefactive lesion of central nervous system (cns) is defined as a mass-like lesion with a size greater than 2 cm in brain (magnetic resonance imaging) mri. neuroimaging may help to distinguish the nature of a tumefactive lesion and therefore can prevent an unnecessary brain biopsy. method: in this paper, we have emphasized on determining the nature of a cns tumefactive l...

Rho-kinase (ROCK) is a serine/threonine kinase and one of the major downstream effectors of the small GTPase Rho. The Rho-ROCK pathway is involved in many aspects of neuronal functions including neurite outgrowth and retraction. The Rho-ROCK pathway becomes an attractive target for the development of drugs for treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders, since it has been recently revealed ...

Summary Clinical trials involving brain disorders are notoriously difficult to set up and run. Innovative ways develop effective prevention treatment strategies for central nervous system (CNS) diseases urgently needed. New approaches that likely renew or at least modify the paradigms used so far have been recently proposed. Quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) uses mathematical computerized...