AIMS To compare the neuropsychological functioning and behaviour of children with non-syndromic end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and sibling controls. METHODS The study was carried out at two tertiary care paediatric teaching hospitals, in Halifax and Vancouver, Canada. Children with ESRD were on a renal transplant waiting list and either pending dialysis or on dialysis therapy. Twenty two pati...

This paper considers the special challenges facing learners of English in developing country contexts, and asks why a few individuals succeed in achieving competence in English where the majority more understandably fail. While research theory has shed light on individual learner differences such as aptitude, motivation and learning strategies, there has been very little empirical investigation...

In this registered report, we evaluated how sleep is related to school functioning. Using data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 3002), a series structural equation models evaluating whether at age 5 has direct or indirect effect on academic achievement, executive function classroom behaviour 9, relation moderated by race ethnicity, poverty, maternal education disabilit...

BACKGROUND Many intervention programmes have attempted to reduce disruptive behaviour problems during early childhood to prevent maladjustment during adolescence and adulthood. AIMS To assess the long-term impact and clinical significance of a 2-year multicomponent preventive intervention on criminal behaviour and academic achievement, using intention-to-treat analyses. METHOD Targeted disr...

OBJECTIVES This study was designed to determine whether black adolescents from disadvantaged backgrounds who have an unrelenting determination to succeed would, as adults, show "skin-deep resilience" by faring well in psychosocial domains but also show a heightened chance of having a chronic disease, specifically type 2 diabetes. METHODS Secondary data analyses were executed with the use of w...

Experience and research reports agree that the timely contribution of participants, namely students and tutors, in distributed learning communities, is a key factor for the achievement of the collective and individual learning aims. The technological support required for Internet based distributed learning communities provides means to effectively trace the behaviour of each participant and ana...

A planner for real-time response aims at building a plan to safely guide the world to its goal state by guaranteeing response deadlines. Ideally, it should find the paths most suitable for guaranteeing real-time behaviour and goal achievement. To achieve this ideal behaviour, it must possess maximum information about the world behaviour and be able to plan the responses of the system under-cont...

Moxifloxacin is a recent addition to the fluoroquinolone class, differing from ciprofloxacin and other older agents in having much better in vitro activity against Grampositive aerobes while retaining potent activity against Gram-negative aerobes. It is also active against the pathogens of human and animal bite wounds and those species of atypical mycobacteria associated with dermatologic infec...

Accumulating evidence suggests that, independent of physical activity levels, sedentary behaviours are associated with increased risk of cardio-metabolic disease, all-cause mortality, and a variety of physiological and psychological problems. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review is to determine the relationship between sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged childre...