Secondary fermentations during the bulk storage of fermented cucumbers can result in spoilage that causes a total loss of the fermented product, at an estimated cost of $6,000 to $15,000 per affected tank. Previous research has suggested that such fermentations are the result of microbiological utilization of lactic acid and the formation of acetic, butyric, and propionic acids. The objectives ...

This study evaluated the Vickers hardness (VHN) and diametral tensile strength (DTS) of the composite Z100 (3M ESPE) cured with: Quartz-Tungsten-Halogen light curing unit (QTH) (700mW/cm2- 40 s) and Argon laser (1,000mW/cm2- 10 s). Specimens of 2 mm depth and 8 mm diameter were immersed for 30 days at 37 degrees C in different storage means: water, alcohol, acetic acid, propionic acid and dry (...

1. The present paper reports the effects on rumen fermentation and plasma metabolites and hormones of giving fixed rations of hay and high-cereal concentrates at different meal frequencies to lactating cows. In Expt 1 the total ration was given in two and twenty-four meals daily and in Expts 2-4 the concentrates were given in two and five or six meals and the hay in two meals daily. The diets c...

The present study was designed to identify the volatile constituents across the oestrous cycle of bovine in order to detect oestrous-specific chemical signal. The bovine saliva was extracted with diethyl ether (1 : 1 ratio, v/v) and analysed by gas chromatography-linked mass spectrometry. Numerous compounds were identified during oestrous cycle of bovine saliva. Among these, the compounds, name...

The experiment was carried out to examine the organic acids production of rice straw fermented with some types of microorganisms at different temperatures. The experiment was designed as Split Plot-Completely Randomized Design. The main plot was temperatures treatments (25, 35, 45°C) and the sub plot were microorganisms (Control, Control+Mollases, Lactobacillus fermentum, Bacillus subtilis, Bac...

It is not known whether the concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the rumen are simply related to their rates of production. A technique which uses a continuous intraruminal infusion of carbon-14 labelled organic acid [14C] has been developed and permits the measurement of the rate of production of a single acid (acetic, propionic or butyric acid) at one time (Leng and Leonard 1965). ...

UNLABELLED Commercial cucumber fermentations are typically carried out in 40000 L fermentation tanks. A secondary fermentation can occur after sugars are consumed that results in the formation of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, concomitantly with the loss of lactic acid and an increase in pH. Spoilage fermentations can result in significant economic loss for industrial producers. The micr...

Background The sustainability of microbial lipids production from traditional carbon sources, such as glucose or glycerol, is problematic given the high price of raw materials. Considerable efforts have been directed to minimize the cost and find new alternative carbon sources. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are especially attractive raw materials, because they can be produced from a variety of or...

The paper studies the effect of pretreatment highly concentrated wastewater from confectionery production in a vortex layer apparatus (VLA) on its physical and chemical properties, with aim further use as substrate for dark fermentation biohydrogen. Pretreatment VLA resulted 2.6-fold increase iron content 6.5% soluble oxygen demand after 3 minutes exposure. After VLA, an acetic acid decrease co...