Fluorescent probes are essential for the exploration of protein function, detection of molecular interactions, and conformational changes. The nitrilotriacetic acid derivatives of different chromophores were successfully used for site-selective noncovalent fluorescence labeling of histidine-tagged proteins. All of them, however, suffer from the same drawback--loss of the fluorescence upon bindi...

Affinity tags have become powerful tools from basic biological research to structural and functional proteomics. They were widely used to facilitate the purification and detection of proteins of interest, as well as the separation of protein complexes. Here, we mainly discuss the benefits and drawbacks of several affinity or epitope tags frequently used, including hexahistidine tag, FLAG tag, S...

Douglas Bratthall was an inspirational cariologist known for his playful curiosity, thoughtful inquisitiveness, incisive scholarship, and energetic leadership. He became a time, mind, and global traveler who viewed his career path as an exotic safari. This 'Discovery!' report identifies where his era's burning issues have led and how they were shaped by his contributions.

There are n graduate students and n faculty members. Each student will be assigned a scholarship by the joint faculty. The socially optimal outcome is tbat the best studcnt should get the most prestigious scholarship, the second-best student should get the second most prcstigious scholarship, and so on. The socially optimal outcome is common knowledge among all faculty members. Each professor w...

McCarthy scholarship has predominantly tended to stress the writer’s revisionism with regard to his rendering of the myth of the American West in Blood Meridian (1985). McCarthy’s novel has beenmainlyhailed as a critique of the violence of manifest destiny. This study aims to delineate aspects of McCarthy’s narrative which resist the predominant view of him as a revisionist. In this re...

introduction: the scholarship domains based on boyer’s definition includes discovery, teaching and learning, application, integration and engagement, but it is a main question that which criteria must a scholarship activities have? in this research, the characteristics of scholarship activities have been studied using a qualitative approach based on higher education experts’ viewpoints from fou...