The problem of generating a 3D simulation of a car accident from a written description can be divided into two subtasks: the linguistic analysis and the virtual scene generation. As a means of communication between these two system parts, we designed a template formalism to represent a written accident report. The CarSim system processes template formal descriptions and creates corresponding 3D...

IN T R O D U C T IO N It is generally agreed that a wet pavement surface presents less resistance to skidding than does the same surface in a dry condition. It is also well known that ice and snow are very slippery; but on the other hand, they are special conditions which do not reflect any skid characteristic of the pavement surface. It is, therefore, the wet surface condition that is critical...

The compatibility problems of the mini car in car-tocar frontal collision and car-pedestrian accident are discussed using accident data and computer simulations. In our analysis of the accident data in Japan, the number of fatalities was investigated using the vehicle masses and classes. It was found that the cars with identical mass are most compatible since the injuries per accident are minim...

This study describes the experimental application of Machine Learning techniques to build prediction models that can assess the injury risk associated with traffic accidents. This work uses an freely available data set of traffic accident records that took place in the city of Porto Alegre/RS (Brazil) during the year of 2013. This study also provides an analysis of the most important attributes...

The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident has caused serious contamination in the environment. In this work, we summarize and analyze published studies related to the release of Pu from the FDNPP accident using environmental sample analysis and ORIGEN model simulation. Our analysis focuses on several aspects: first, the investigation of the distribution of Pu isotopes derived f...

Throughout Jens Rasmussen's career there has been a continued emphasis on the development of methods, techniques and tools for accident analysis and investigation. In this paper we focus on the evolution and development of one specific example, namely Accimaps and their use for accident analysis. We describe the origins of Accimaps followed by a review of 27 studies which have applied and adapt...

This paper seeks to analyze the ―7.23‖ Yongwen Railway accident in China from a system theoretic perspective. In particular, the STAMP safety control structure for this accident has been constructed and divided into two respective processes including system development and operation, which are then analyzed at each level. Furthermore, to understand why and how the system evolved over time, syst...

In order to quantitatively and systematically explain the accident occur process and assess the risk for the complex system, this paper proposes a new accident-causing analysis model, i.e. perturbation-safety region (P-SR) model. In this model, the safety region definition is introduced for the quantitative description of the system safe status; also the change process of the system risk is ana...