We consider how to improve railway timetables. As case we take the Rompnet of the dutch railways, a highly constrained problem, containing both hard and soft constraints. We show how to cast the constraints into the format of the Genocop system. Every train should run every hour at the same time and hence the constraints should be interpreted modulo sixty. This gives a non-convex search space o...

One approach for sharing resources on the Internet is to use mobile computations (programs that can commence execution at one site, discover a need for a resource at a different site, halt execution, migrate, and continue execution at the new site). Migrating an executing process is a non-trivial task that is exacerbated by the heterogeneity and security concerns of the computing infrastructure...

The Automobile Braking System has a crucial role for safety of the passenger and riding quality of the vehicle. The braking force mainly depends on normal reaction on the wheel and the coefficient of friction between the tire and the road surface. Whenever a vehicle is loaded, the normal reaction on the rear wheel is increased. Thus the amount of braking force required to halt the vehicle with ...

Egypt has a countless heritage of mansions, castles, cities, towns, villages, industrial and manufacturing sites. This richness of heritage provides endless and matchless prospects for culture. Despite being famous worldwide, Egypt’s heritage still is in constant need of protection. Political conflicts and religious revolutions form a direct threat to buildings in various areas, historic, archa...

In multi-hop data collection sensor network, nodes near the sink need to relay remote data, thus, have much faster energy dissipation rate and suffer from premature death. This phenomenon cause energy hole near the sink, seriously damaging the network performance. In this paper, we propose sink mobility with adjustable communication range to avoid the energy hole. First of all, we compute energ...

This paper employs a dynamic optimal control model which is consistent in the explanation of optimal treatment (output) decision of the supplier and how the patients translate signal of advertising-like and reputation into expectation of quality and price. The supplier's advertising-like efforts in relation to the size of the service facility signal the level of price rather than quality. Since...

T he recession that began in March 2001 differed in many ways from other recessions of the past three decades. The twin recessions of the early 1980s occurred when the Federal Reserve Board, under Chairman Paul Volcker, acted decisively to halt the steady rise of inflation during the 1970s, despite the substantial employment and output cost to the economy. Although monetary tightening had reduc...

From 1978 to 2010, China has achieved a continuous high economic growth under controllable inflation pressure. During the 33 years, the average GDP growth was 10.0%, and the average CPI growth was 5.4%.1 The sustained economic growth enabled China to become the second largest economy in the world in 2010. However, the success in the past naturally cannot guarantee success in the future. The old...

The failure of the Somali state from 1993 to 2012 represents one of the world’s most profound and prolonged cases of state collapse. Initially, education and other government services came to a standstill. With the halt of fighting in some areas, local communities with the support of the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and other agencies began to provide education and other critical ser...

Recent Spitzer observations have revealed a substantial population of z∼ 2 ULIRGs with deep silicate absorption (τ9.7> 1). This paper reports a 20cm radio study of such a sample to elucidate their physical nature. We discover that a substantial fraction (40%) of deep silicate absorption ULIRGs at z∼ 2 are moderately radio-loud with L1.4GHz=10 25 – 10WHz. This is in strong contrast with z < ∼ 1 ...