in this research the simulation of an air independent proton exchange membrane fuel cell (pemfc) propulsion system was taken into consideration. the system consists of several parts including pem fuel cell stack, metal hydride and liquid oxygen (lox) tanks, and also pre-heaters of oxygen and hydrogen gases along with other heat exchangers, to ensure proper operation of system. the heat recovery...

Gut fuel utilisation has several unique features. Arterial and luminal fuels provide nutrition for the enterocyte, the former being of more importance. This factor, and the heterogeneity of cell types within the gut makes it difficult to define its fuel utilisation. Metabolic control logic suggests that modulation of the maximal activity of any pathway resides in those enzymes that operate in v...

The necessity to accommodate the developmental and fuel requirements of the fetus confers upon the pregnant mother a considerable nutritional burden. Pregnancy is thus a state in which the maternal response to feeding and fasting is substantially modified to ensure a constant supply of glucose for the developing fetus, while maintaining the glucose and energy requirements of the mother. One of ...

Micro-scale aqueous steam reforming of glucose is suggested as a novel method of H2 production for micro fuel cells. Compact fuel cell systems are a viable alternative to batteries as a portable electrical power source. Compared with conventional lithium polymer batteries, hydrocarbon powered fuel cells are smaller, weigh less, and have a much higher energy density. The goal of this project is ...

This paper presents two types of fuel cells: a miniature microbial fuel cell (μMFC) and a miniature photosynthetic electrochemical cell (μPEC). A bulk micromachining process is used to fabricate the fuel cells, and the prototype has an active proton exchange membrane area of 1 cm2. Two different micro-organisms are used as biocatalysts in the anode: (1) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker’s yeast) ...

The adipose cell maintains a central role in the regulation of lipid metabolism (Galton, 1971). It contains the largest store of triglyceride and cholesterol in the body; it is the only source of plasma fatty acids, a major oxidative fuel, particularly in the fasting state, and it is the major site of clearance of chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) in the fed state. The import...

objective(s):in this study the effect of oral administration of honey on serum glucose, lipids, stress oxidative markers, and morphology of langerhans islets in noise induced hyperglycemic rats was investigated. materials and methods: male wistar rats were divided into control, hyperglycemic, honey treated control, and honey treated hyperglycemic groups. for induction of hyperglycemia, noise st...

Fuel metabolism is highly regulated to ensure adequate energy for cellular function. The contribution of the major metabolic fuels--glucose, lactate and fatty acids (FAs)--often reflects their circulating levels. In addition, regulatory cross-talk and fuel-induced hormone secretion ensures appropriate and co-ordinate fuel utilization. Because its activity can either determine or reflect fuel pr...

Glucose transporters are membrane-embedded proteins that mediate the uptake of glucose from the surrounding medium into the cell. Glucose is the main fuel for most cells, and its uptake is rate-limiting for glucose utilization. For this reason, it is expected that glucose transport is tightly regulated. Whereas rapid regulation of glucose transporters by hormones has been known for some time, t...