This work presents a study of the influence and compensation of aberrations in optical imaging systems by superimposing surfaces described by Zernike polynomials. The aim is to investigate how to compensate for aberrations and their effectiveness when dealing with aberrations of different types. The study is done in the Zemax packet by modeling the optical imaging system and passing test images...

PURPOSE To investigate the relations between age and the optical aberrations of the whole eye. The eye's optical quality, as measured by the modulation transfer function (MTF), degrades with age, but the MTF does not provide a means to assess the contributions of individual aberrations, such as coma, spherical aberration, and other higher order aberrations to changes in optical quality. The met...

Genotoxic agents induce chromosomal alterations, such as aberrations, micronuclei, and sister chromatid exchanges as well as mutations both in vivo and in vitro. Ionizing radiation and typical radiomimmetic agents such as bleomycin are very efficient inducers of chromosomal aberrations. The type of aberrations induced by these agents are cell-cycle dependent, i.e., chromosome type in pre-replic...

PURPOSE To demonstrate how higher-order corneal aberrations can cancel out, modify, or induce lower-order corneal astigmatism. PATIENTS AND METHODS Six representative eyes are presented that show different scenarios in which higher-order aberrations interacting with corneal astigmatism can affect the manifest refraction. WaveLight® Contoura ablation maps showing the higher-order aberrations a...

Polymorphisms of the p53 gene, which participates in DNA repair, can affect the functioning of the p53 protein. The Arg and Pro variants in p53 codon 72 were shown to have different regulation properties of p53-dependent DNA repair target genes that can affect various levels of cytogenetic aberrations in chronic hepatitis B patients. The present study aimed to examine the frequency of chromosom...

PURPOSE To describe the theoretical effects of cyclotorted ablations on induced aberrations and determine the limits of tolerance of cyclotorsional accuracy. METHODS A method was developed to determine the average cyclotorsion during refractive surgery without a cyclotorsion tracker. Mathematical conditions were simulated to determine the optical, visual, and absolute benefits in 76 consecuti...

PURPOSE To validate whether the number of aberrations could be used as a measure of the radiosensitivity of human tumour cells. If so, this would potentially provide a more rapid method than the colony assay to predict radiocurability in human tumour biopsy material. MATERIALS AND METHODS A panel of 13 human tumour cell lines was investigated, covering a wide range of radiosensitivities. Fluo...

Fluorescence In situ hybridization (FISH) is a technique that can be used for the analysis of genomic aberrations in tumor cells. The resolution level of FISH is by far better than chromosome banding which is also widely used for the study of chromosome aberrations in cancer. In addition to the improved resolution FISH allows for the analysis of genomic aberrations not only on metaphase chromos...

PURPOSE To use a large wave-front database of a clinical population to investigate relationships between refractions and higher-order aberrations and between aberrations of right and left eyes. METHODS Third- and fourth-order aberration coefficients and higher-order root-mean-squared aberrations (HO RMS), scaled to a pupil size of 4.5-mm diameter, were analyzed in a population of approximatel...

When using a laser guide star (LGS) adaptive optics (AO) system, quasi-static aberrations are observed between the measured wavefronts from the LGS wavefront sensor (WFS) and the natural guide star (NGS) WFS. These LGS aberrations, which can be as much as 1200 nm RMS on the Keck II LGS AO system, arise due to the finite height and structure of the sodium layer. The LGS aberrations vary signific...