Background: Aberrant methylation of cytosine-guanine dinucleotide islands leads to inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in breast cancer. Tumor suppressor genes are unmethylated in normal tissue and often become hypermethylated during tumor formation, leading to gene silencing. We investigated the association between E-cadherin (CDH1) and estrogen receptor-α (ESRα) gene promoter methylation a...

RECENT advances in the successful surgical treatment of a number of congenital heart diseases have stressed the importance of diagnosis as a first prerequisite to proper management. Rosenbaum,1 in a recent article deprecated the continued use of "idiopathic hypertrophy of the heart" as a nondescript term for heart conditions in infancy and early childhood, characterized by congestive cardiac fa...

Twenty-one patients with anomalous coronary artery origin from the aorta are discussed, and the cases reported in the literature are reviewed. The left anterior descending (LAD) and left circumflex (Cx) arteries arose aberrantly from the right sinus of Valsalva of the aorta (RSV) in six patients. In four of these patients the connecting branch from the anomalous origin passed anterior to the ao...

Escape beats recorded in clinical electrocardiograms sometimes differ in contour and QRS duration from conducted beats, and this in spite of their having a relatively short cycle length. This suggests a location of the subsidiary pacemaker above the bifurcation of the common A-V bundle. While this, unlike other types of aberrant ventricular conduction, cannot be explained on a functional basis,...

Escape beats recorded in clinical electrocardiograms sometimes differ in contour and QRS duration from conducted beats, and this in spite of their having a relatively short cycle length. This suggests a location of the subsidiary pacemaker above the bifurcation of the common A-V bundle. While this, unlike other types of aberrant ventricular conduction, cannot be explained on a functional basis,...

Escape beats recorded in clinical electrocardiograms sometimes differ in contour and QRS duration from conducted beats, and this in spite of their having a relatively short cycle length. This suggests a location of the subsidiary pacemaker above the bifurcation of the common A-V bundle. While this, unlike other types of aberrant ventricular conduction, cannot be explained on a functional basis,...