The first Muslim fath/ liberation of Islamicjerusalem in the seventh century was a remarkable historical turning point for Holy Land. After centuries exclusion, peace and inclusivity Land were finally established. Moreover, this event raised standing Islam between two superpowers, Byzantium Persia. As vital occurred era ‘Umar Ibn al-Khattāb, several studies have documented his significant role....

This article explores the concept of transcendental happiness in philosophies arguably two most important figures Islamic intellectual thought, Abū ‘Alī ibn Sīnā (d. 428/1037) and Muḥyī al-Dīn ‘Arabī 638/1240). The striking parallels between philosophy Ibn that is their agreement on Aristotelian principle as comprehension God, combined with emanationist cosmologies. Based Neoplatonist emanation...

This paper raises the question of influence a scholar’s personal experience on their research strategies, which determines selection sources, purpose creating work, its structure, and content. The author refers to A Sketch Countries (Taqwim al-buldan), work Eastern Europe in world geography by Abū al-Fidāʾ, Syrian scholar first third fourteenth century emir city Hama. is reconstruct al-Fidāʾ’s ...