The primary alcohol/aldehyde dehydrogenase (coded by the aad gene) is responsible for butanol formation in Clostridium acetobutylicum. We complemented the non-sporulating, non-solvent-producing C. acetobutylicum M5 strain (which has lost the pSOL1 megaplasmid containing aad and the acetone-formation genes) with aad expressed from the phosphotransbutyrylase promoter and restored butanol producti...

OBJECTIVE Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a catastrophic event with high early mortality rate, but to date, no data on the incidence of AAD in Mainland China is available. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of AAD in China and characterize the clinical profile, management and in-hospital outcomes of this vascular event. METHODS We used the China Health Insurance Research Data (the CH...

BACKGROUND Mortality rates following acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) repair are reduced when operations are performed by a high-volume acute aortic dissection (AAD) team, leading to efforts to centralize ATAAD care. Here, we describe our experience with ATAAD repair by our AAD team over the last 10 years, with a focus on patient selection, transfer protocols, operative approach, and volu...

An analytical equation of state (EOS) developed by Ihm-Song-Mason (ISM) has been applied tocalculate some thermophysical properties of molten polymers including Poly (1-octene) (PO), Poly (vinylmethyl ether) (PVME), Poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), and Poly (styrene) (PS). Three temperature-dependentparameters of the ISM EOS have been determined based on the alternative scaling constants, dispersiv...

OBJECTIVE To calculate the best possible estimates for age specific life expectancy (LE) and anticipated age at the time of death (AAD) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) compared with the general population in the UK. These may be of greater value to patients than standardised mortality ratios (SMRs), which are usually reported in studies on mortality in PD. METHODS A literature revie...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To clarify the clinical significance of pleural effusion in the clinical course of acute aortic dissection (AAD). DESIGN Retrospective clinical series. SETTING A university hospital. PATIENTS Fifty-five patients strongly suspected of having AAD because of severe chest or back pain. Patients with obvious ischemic heart disease, lung disease, and pleural disease were exclude...

BACKGROUND Chronobiological rhythms have been shown to influence the occurrence of a variety of cardiovascular disorders. However, the effects of the time of the day, the day of the week, or monthly/seasonal changes on acute aortic dissection (AAD) have not been well studied. METHODS AND RESULTS Accordingly, we evaluated 957 patients enrolled in the International Registry of Acute Aortic Diss...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Mere diagnosis of Clostridium difficile by culture does not help in the diagnosis of antibiotic associated diarrhoeae (AAD) due to C. difficile. Detection of toxins A and B form the mainstay in the diagnosis of AAD due to C. difficile. This study was undertaken to find out the role of stool culture and toxin detection in the diagnosis of AAD due to C. difficile. As there ...

Background—We previously demonstrated that treatment with antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) during the first 6 weeks after atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation reduces the incidence of clinically significant atrial arrhythmias and need for cardioversion or hospitalization for arrhythmia management. Whether early rhythm suppression decreases longer-term arrhythmia recurrence is unknown. We now report the...

BACKGROUND Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a life-threatening condition with high mortality and a relatively unclarified pathophysiological mechanism. Although differentially expressed genes in AAD have been recognized, interactions between these genes remain poorly defined. This study was conducted to gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying AAD and to support the fu...