Background: The advent of recombinant DNA technology has facilitated heterologous expression of proteins from various sources in different host systems including Escherichia coli. If a plant virus coat protein is expressed in the bacterium it can be used as the antigen for antibody preparation. Such a recombinant antigen preparation can be particularly useful where equipment such as ultracentri...

Biochemical polymorphism study is a method of determination of genetic variation. This variability could be a basis for selection and subsequent genetic improvement in farm animals. The polymorphism in the intron 1 of chicken growth hormone (cGH) gene was investigated in the Iranian native fowls by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. The...

Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and phylogenetic analysis were used for molecular identification of lactic acid bacteria (LABs) isolated from Apis mellifera. Eighteen honeybee workers were collected from three different apiaries in West Azerbaijan. LABs from the gut of honeybees were isolated and cultured using routine biochemical proce...

Fig. S2. Results of analysis for the PTCH1 mutation identified in the patient. DNA sequencing analysis showing the splice site mutation c.585-1G>A (denoted with arrow) in heterozygosis (A). RT-PCR analysis (B). A cDNA fragment (431 bp) was amplified with the forward primer Ex2cF:5’TAAAAGCAGCGAACCTCGAG-3’ and the reverse Ex6cR:5’-AAGTTTGTCCACCGCAAAGGA-3’ encompassing part of exon 2 (49 bp), exon...

Specific and sensitive reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assays were developed for the detection of eastern, western, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses (EEE, WEE, and VEE, respectively). Tests for specificity included all known alphavirus species. The EEE-specific RT-PCR amplified a 464-bp region of the E2 gene exclusively from 10 different EEE strains from South and North America wit...

background zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) is polymorphic disease that may show various clinical manifestations. objectives this study investigates the determination of genetic variation within the species of leishmania major isolates from new cases in chabahar, a port city in southeast iran (situated at the iran-pakistan border). migration in this region indicates that leishmaniasis is ...

bovine theileriosis is important disease in tropical and subtropical areas with great economic losses in livestock husbandry in iran. the aim of study was to assess the prevalence of theileria annulata infection in cattle and hyalomma species of kermanshah province, iran. a number of 138 blood samples were randomly taken from examined cattle. the genomic dna was extracted and pcr was performed ...

background:abortion is one of the most important factorsreducing lambing rate and consequently profitability of sheepfarms. in addition to financial losses, it is also important from azoonotic point of view. objectives: the aim of this study wasto investigate bacterial abortifacient agents in an outbreak ofabortion occurring in afshari sheep in the northwest of zanjanprovince. methods:vaginal s...