We present the long-term results of pectoralis major transfer to restore elbow flexion in seven patients (ten procedures). The early results in all the patients were encouraging but with longer follow-up a gradual and progressive flexion deformity was observed with a decrease in the arc of flexion in eight elbows, reaching > or = 90 degrees in all cases. The results of pectoralis major transfer...

Methods Subjects are 20 healthy males. Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) of elbow flexor was measured using a strain gauge prior to exercise (MVC1). Subjects received acupuncture stimulation before the exercise on their biceps brachii. The stimulation is either deep needling (targeting muscle; mACU) or superficial needling (sACU). The exercise protocol contains 5 sets * 10 repetitions of maxi...

Between 1995 and 2000, 19 consecutive patients with fractures of the distal humerus were treated by primary total elbow replacement using the Coonrad-Morrey prosthesis. No patient had inflammatory or degenerative arthritis of the elbow. The mean age at the time of injury was 73 years (61 to 95). According to the AO classification, 11 patients had suffered a C3 injury, two a B3 and two an A3. On...

Contracture of the collateral ligaments is considered to be an important factor in post-traumatic stiffness of the elbow. We reviewed the results of isolated release of the medial collateral ligament in a series of 14 patients with post-traumatic loss of elbow flexion treated between 1998 and 2002. There were nine women and five men with a mean age of 45 years (17 to 76). They were reviewed at ...

Most strength tests are restricted to measuring joint torques only in main directions like flexion or pronation. However, for an advanced strength prediction model, information about maximum possible joint torques in intermediate directions also has to be known. This paper concentrates on obtaining functions for maximum joint torques in arbitrary directions in the elbow. Therefore, isometric jo...

The transportation of highly viscous oil surrounded by water annulus has been recognized as a feasible option in terms low-energy consumption and high efficiency. During the process heavy delivery, problem pipe fittings is inevitably encountered, most common one elbow assembly. In this present study, simulations for oil-water core annular flow (CAF) through 90° were performed computational flui...

the normal carrying angle in shiraz population was measured on the basis of sex and age. the right elbow angle of 4266 cases was examined from birth to 30 years old. this study found the carrying angle in 2540 females to be 7.20 (range 2-19) and in 1726 males to be 6.40 (range 2-11), a 0.80 difference. a significant difference (p= 0.05) was found in relation to age. there is a gradual increase ...

Background:  Elbow surgery is shared by several subspecialties. We were curious about the most common elbow surgeries and their corresponding diagnoses in the United States.   Methods:  We used the National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS) and the National Survey of Ambulatory Surgery (NSAS) data gathered in 2006-databases that together provide an estimate of all inpatient and ambulatory surgic...

This study investigated whether the second eccentric exercise performed 3 days after the initial bout would exacerbate muscle damage and retard the recovery. Fifty-one athletes performed 30 eccentric actions of the elbow flexors using a dumbbell weighted 100% of the maximal isometric force (MIF) at the elbow joint angle of 90 degrees (ECC1). Three days after ECC1, all subjects except those in t...