We describe a method that combines an optimized titanium dioxide protocol and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography to simultaneously enrich, identify and quantify phosphopeptides and formerly N-linked sialylated glycopeptides to monitor changes associated with cell signaling during mouse brain development. We initially applied the method to enriched membrane fractions from HeLa cells, ...

There are 2 principal avenues of inquiry relevant to reconstructing the history of the sulfur cycle. One avenue relies on the comparison of molecular sequences derived from biologically essential proteins and genetic material. Most sequence information is available from the small subunit of the rRNA molecule and from these sequences a Tree of Life emerges providing a reconstruction of the evolu...

Design: Standard methods of information-processing and cognitive science were used to study diagnostic processes (search, perception, reasoning) of 28 novices, intermediates, and experts. Participants examined cases in breast pathology; each case had a previously established gold standard diagnosis. Videotapes correlated the actual visual data examined by participants with their verbal “think-a...

Shotgun lipidomics affords comprehensive and quantitative analysis of lipid species in cells and tissues at high‐ throughput [1–5]. The methodology is based on direct infusion of lipid extracts by electrospray ionization (ESI) combined with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and/or high resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS) for identification and quantification of lipid species [6...

Molecular electronics offer an alternative pathway to construct nanoscale circuits in which the critical dimension is naturally associated with molecular sizes. We describe the fabrication and testing of nanoscale molecular-electronic circuits that comprise a molecular monolayer of [2]rotaxanes sandwiched between metal nanowires to form an 8 × 8 crossbar within a 1 μm2 area. The resistance at e...

—Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling in lakes can be impacted by numerous abiotic and biotic factors. Large animals, such as birds and mammals, may recycle nutrients within a system or bring them in from surrounding habitats or different landscapes. Eared Grebes (Podiceps nigricollis) congregate in large numbers in the fall on the Great Salt Lake (GSL), Utah, and may have an important role ...

In this work we present a structured and consistent methodology for evaluating cost of intrusion responses. The proposed approach provides consistent basis for response evaluation across different systems while incorporating security policy and properties of specific system environment. The advantages of the proposed cost model were evaluated via simulation process. The proliferation of complex...

We investigated interactions between coyotes (Canis latrans Say, 1823) and prey in the Curlew Valley, Utah, by comparing prey abundances with prey consumption rates. Previous studies reported a cyclic trend in black-tailed jackrabbit (Lepus californicus Gray, 1837) density with a period of 10 years and >150-fold amplitude, as well as short-term fl uctuations among some rodent species that excee...

Identifying the underlying mechanisms and the sources of variation in plant productivity is critical to the development of accurate predictive models of ecosystem responses to environmental change, including increased nitrogen (N) deposition and altered precipitation patterns. A great deal of variation in aboveground net primary production (ANPP) in tallgrass prairie may be accounted for by var...