a2-adrenoceptor agonist, is currently used for pre-anesthetic medication owing to its sedative and analgesic properties. These unique properties provide pre-operative sedation and preventing postoperative pain and vomiting in pediatric patients, as well as adults. One drawback for this medicine applying to pediatric patients is difficulty in taking. To overcome this problem, several formulation...

The recent article “Intrapulmonary Shunt Is a Potentially Unrecognized Cause of Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack” (TIA) by Abushora et al. raises several questions in our daily clinical evaluation of patients with stroke, and also divers with unexplained Type II decompression sickness (DCS). A cohort of patients (stroke group) with either nonhemorrhagic stroke (CVA) or TIA (n = 321...


 Roper, Jonathan (ed.): Dictionaries as Sources of Folklore Data. Fellows Communications 321. Helsinki: Academia Scientiarum Fennica, 2020, 246 p.

A permutation avoids the subpattern i3 has no subsequence having all the same pairwise comparisons as , and we write ∈ S( ). We examine the classes of permutations, S(321); S(321; 37 142) and S(4231; 4132), enumerated, respectively by the famous Catalan, Motzkin and Schr; oder number sequences. We determine their generating functions according to their length, number of active sites and inversi...

The essential set of a permutation was defined by Fulton as the set of southeast corners of the diagram of the permutation. In this paper we determine explicit formulas for the average size of the essential set in the two cases of arbitrary permutations in Sn and 321-avoiding permutations in Sn. Vexillary permutations are discussed too. We also prove that the generalized Catalan numbers (r+k−1 ...