Pain is an unpleasant feeling and emotional experience that is related to real or potential tissue damage or a damage that is defined similarly. Pain is mostly subjective (Merskey, Bogduk 1986). From many points of view, the pain is a common symptom intended for seeking aid (Dickens et al. 2002). International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) defines the pain as “an unpleasant emotional...

OBJECTIVE To estimate in a cohort of nulliparous women in labor at term whether cesarean delivery rates are increased in first and second stages of labor in overweight and obese women and whether being overweight or obese is an independent risk factor for cesarean delivery. METHODS Nulliparous women recruited to the prospective Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints study who went into labor after...

OBJECTIVES The prevalence of non-communicable diseases is increasing in Nepal. Overweight and obesity are the major risk factors of many non-communicable diseases. Adolescence is a critical phase for development of overweight and obesity. Risk factors associated with overweight and obesity are not well understood in Nepal. The objective of the study was to identify the factors associated with o...

AIM High-quality national representative data on obesity in Romanian children are needed to shape public health policies. To provide a unified data landscape on national prevalence, trends and other factors associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity in Romanian children aged 6-19 years, across the last decade (2006-2015). METHODS Using a common protocol, we selected published and un...

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of, and socio-demographic factors associated with, overweight and obesity in Botswana. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2007 using a multistage sampling method to select a representative sample of 4107 men and 4916 women aged 20-49 years. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the socio-demographic factors associated with ...

AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to compare bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) in obese, overweight and normal weight adolescent boys. METHODS & RESULTS This study included 23 obese, 19 overweight and 25 normal weight adolescents (aged 14-20 years) boys. The three groups (obese, overweight and normal weight) were matched f...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is known as a risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). About 20% of NAFLD occurs in nonobese individuals. However, it remains to be elucidated the association between nonoverweight with NAFLD and a risk of incident CVD. Therefore, we investigated the risk of nonoverweight with NAFLD for incident CVD.We performed a post-hoc analysis of the previous ...

OBJECTIVE The fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) polymorphisms have been implicated in the susceptibility of overweight/obesity in children and adolescents. However, the results have been inconsistent. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis to clarify the association of FTO gene polymorphisms with overweight/obesity risk among children and adolescents. METHODS PubMed and Embase w...