Background: Anxiety is the commonest problems before surgery. Preoperative anxiety not only causes pain and many suffering for children, but also has a negative impact on the recovery after surgery and probably later than that. Selecting a low risk and cost-effective way to control children's anxiety before surgery seems necessary. Aim: Influence of the puppet Kolah Ghermezi on preoperative anx...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTThe Inaugural ACS ES&T Engineering Best Paper AwardWonyong ChoiWonyong ChoiMore by Wonyong Choihttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1801-9386, Nancy LoveNancy LoveMore Lovehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9184-2451, Jaehong KimJaehong KimMore Kimhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-3516, and Jun MaJun MaMore Mahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0903-5547Cite this: EST Engg. 202...

Background Treatment with one standard dose (2 g/kg) of intravenous immunoglobulin is insufficient in a proportion patients severe Guillain-Barré syndrome. Worldwide, around 25% severely affected the syndrome are given second (SID), although it has not been proven effective. We aimed to investigate whether SID effective predicted poor outcome. Methods In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-c...

OBJECTIVES To determine if regional variations in strain patterns occur within the suspensory ligament under tensile load. Local increases in strain may put certain regions of the suspensory ligament at risk and may explain the poor healing and high recurrence rates associated with suspensory branch injuries. METHODS The suspensory ligament and its bone attachments were isolated from each of ...

BACKGROUND Preventing diabetic foot problems (DFP) and their associated consequences is a critical in rural regions. The objective is to present an association of non-invasive DFP assessment tools and physiological indicators for early detection among rural cases of diabetes in Taiwan. METHODS Secondary data analysis of 387 participants previously diagnosed with type 2 diabetes was used. The ...

Experts and business pundits forecast drastic changes of e-commerce climate in Saudi Arabia when this country became an official member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2005. In fact over a last decade, many Saudi Arabian enterprises have adopted e-commerce, however almost at the entry level. In this research, a research model of e-commerce adoption and institutionalization is developed...

Heavy metals in urban soils continue to attract attention because of their potential long-term effects on human health. During a previous investigation of urban soils in Galway City, Ireland, a pollution hotspot of Pb, Cu, Zn and As was identified in the sports ground of South Park in the Claddagh. The sports ground was formerly a rubbish dumping site for both municipal and industrial wastes. I...

This study aims to investigate the relationship between current smoking and lifetime amount smoked and the incidence of dysphonia using data from a national cross-sectional survey that represents the Korean population. Subjects were 3,600 non-institutionalised civilian adults over the age of 19 (1,501 males and 2,099 females) who completed the laryngeal examination of the 2008 Korea National He...

Silicon-based. light-emitting devices (LED's) should find numerous uses in optoelectronics. For example, the integration of silicon LED's with silicon microelectronics could lead to reliable and inexpensive optical displays and optical interconnects. Until recently, however, it had not been possible to obtain efficient room-temperature luminescence from silicon. The demonstration in 1990 that a...