In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) the process of dissemination of data among various sensors (broadcast) and collection of data from all sensors (convergecast or data aggregation) are common communication operations. With increasing demands on efficient use of battery power, many efficient broadcast tree construction and channel allocation algorithms have been proposed. Generally convergecast i...

In a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, broadcast is a fundamental service for many operations. However, it is not trivial for an activated peer, who has received a broadcast message, to find a non-activated peer in P2P networks. In past years, it had proposed to explicitly build a spanning tree so that each peer can forward the broadcast message to its children along the edges on the tree, and aggreg...

Processes of a parallel program can become unsynchronized, or skewed, during the course of running an application. Processes can become skewed as a result of unbalanced or asymmetric code, or through the use of heterogeneous systems, where nodes in the system have different performance characteristics, as well as random, unpredictable effects such as the processes not being started at exactly t...

Aggregated information, such as the total and free capacity of storages, computing power, network bandwidth, and so on, is very important for many peer-to-peer (P2P) applications and P2P-based grid or cloud computing. Previous studies have proposed to build a broadcast tree for a structured P2P network. Along this tree, the root can broadcast a command message to all the other peers, and in the...

Processes of a parallel program can become unsynchronized, or skewed, during the course of running an application. Processes can become skewed as a result of unbalanced or asymmetric code, or through the use of heterogeneous systems, where nodes in the system have different performance characteristics, as well as random, unpredictable effects such as the processes not being started at exactly t...

This paper proposes an exponential replicate broadcasting (ERB) algorithm for data dissemination to improve data access efficiency. The proposed ERB algorithm first constructs a broadcast tree to determine the broadcast frequency of each data and splits the broadcast tree into some broadcast wood to generate the broadcast program. In addition, this paper develops an analytical model to derive t...

We formulate the problem of constructing broadcast trees for real-time traffic with delay constraints in networks with asymmetric link loads as a delay-constrained minimum spanning tree (DCMST) problem in directed networks. Then, we prove that this problem is NP-complete, and we propose an efficient heuristic to solve the problem based on Prim’s algorithm for the unconstrained minimum spanning ...

Broadcasting means the distribution of packets from a certain source to all other hosts. One of the possible efficient implementations of broadcasting is to construct a spanning tree rooted at a given source such that each host can receive a copy of the broadcast packet originating from the source. Since the operations of most hosts in wireless networks mainly rely on battery power, in this pap...

in order to study the effect of different levels of the manure and foliar application of zn and mn fertilizers on the quantitative and qualitative yield of soybeans (var. williams), a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2012. treatments involved three levels of fertilizer: manure (zero as control; six and 12 t/ha), two levels of mn...

The use of the commercially available, bifunctional phosphine 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (abbreviated as PN3) in conjunction with a series of Zn(salphen) complexes leads to sterically encumbered phosphine ligands as a result of (reversible) coordinative Zn-N interactions. The solid state and solution phase behaviour of these supramolecular ligand systems have been investigated in detail a...