In this paper, we present calculations of the economic gains in terms of reduced costs by exploiting scale-economies in dairy production in Norway, and the effect this would have had on the number of farms. We also explore whether or not optimal scale and unexploited scale-economies change over time due to scale-augmenting technical change. The analysis is based on homothetic cost functions est...

background: cancer has a high mortality rate in both developing and developed countries. 11%–15% of cancers are attributable to occupational risk factors. objective: to determine if specific occupational classes, based on the international standard for classification of occupations 2008 (isco-08), are risk factors for gastrointestinal (gi) cancer. methods: in this case-control study, 834 cancer...

On August 18, 2002, the Hyperion hyperspectral imager onboard the EO-1 platform recorded data over an intensively used agricultural area in north western Switzerland, the Limpach Valley. The sensor’s 198 spectral bands between 400 and 2500 nm (Level 1B1) and a spatial resolution of 30 m bear the potential for both a detailed land use classification and an accurate estimation of biophysical and ...

Abstract In order to study energy consumption in Iran's agricultural sector, a Genetic algorithm concept was used to calculate significant factors affecting energy consumption between 1974 and 2008. Then, durability or "stability" of variables was assessed through econometric method (Augmented Dickey-Fuller test). In addition, long-term and short-term relationships of energy consumption were es...

o ne of the effective strategies for economic development of clusters is the conduct of networking activities by cluster members. indeed, the majority of cluster members are micro and small enterprises, so, should attempt to overcome their inherent constraints and influence the market through networking activities. in addition, these enterprises lack an intra-firm research and development unit ...

A color classification program was developed for classifying the corn germplasm into seven different color groups based on kernel colors. This heuristic based rule supervised color classification program has an overall accuracy of 99%. Disciplines Agriculture | Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering Comments This paper was published in Proc. SPIE 1836, Optics in Agriculture and Forestry, 78 (...