A large-scale study of Saginaw Bay was initiated in 1990 and continued through 1993 to examine the effects of the zebra mussel colonization which began in summerlfall 1991. Saginaw Bay responded quickly to the zebra mussel colonization, as fall 1991 values of chlorophyll were similar to 1992 and 1993 values. In inner Saginaw Bay, where most zebra mussels were found, chlorophyll, kPAR, and total...

introduction thunderstorms of the most important, most abundant of the most severe weather hazard that each year, in addition to large quantities of crops and infrastructure development, causing human casualties are also around the globe. between 1953 and 1957 the financial losses caused by the hurricanes in america has over 3.6 million dollars (changnon;2003,1231).storms of varying intensities...

" The very few existing time-series stations paint a compelling picture of important oceanic changes in physics, chemistry and biology. Yet these stations capture the time domain at only a single point. New strategies for observing the appropriate spatial correlation are required. " Ocean Sciences at the New Millennium, Ocean Sciences Decadal Committee 2001 Figure 1. The Coastal Ocean Observati...

the aim of this paper is detection of exist of significance climatic trend in west-half of iran. it’s used monthly data of 16 climatic variables on 12 selected synoptic stations in period of 50 years statistic(1951-2000). the variables divided to two temperature and humid groups. the analysis methodology of the study is based on multivariable statistical analysis and box- jenkins forecasting mo...

environmental management and planning and benefiting from climatic capacities of every geographical place are related to homogenous climatic regions and the most influential climatic elements in spatial separation of the climatic regions. accordingly, the aim of the present study includes determining the most influential climatic elements affecting on the climate of esfahan province, and the sp...

drought is a natural disaster. because a significant impact on the agricultural and economy sector, it affects the lives of local residents. with using of the remote sensing, drought can be studied through its effects on plants and agriculture resulting in more accurate and effective results found for modeling drought. in this study, the efficiency of agricultural drought indicators for estimat...

abstract the averages of monthly minimum temperature and wind speed in 32 synoptic stations in northwest and west of iran used for calculate windchill temperature from november to april. then maps of spatial differences were drawn for every month and windchill regions classified by cluster analysis. keywords: iran, windchill, regionalization, classification.