When studying the altered expression of genes associated with cartilage regeneration by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR), reference genes with highly stable expression during different stages of chondrocyte developmental are necessary to normalize gene expression accurately. Until now, no reports evaluating expression changes of commonly used reference genes in rabbit articular cartilage...

Relationships among the ecdysozoans, or molting animals, have been difficult to resolve. Here, we use nearly complete 28S+18S ribosomal RNA gene sequences to estimate the relations of 35 ecdysozoan taxa, including newly obtained 28S sequences from 25 of these. The tree-building algorithms were likelihood-based Bayesian inference and minimum-evolution analysis of LogDet-transformed distances, an...

Our recent demonstration that many eukaryotic mRNAs contain sequences complementary to rRNA led to the hypothesis that these sequences might mediate specific interactions between mRNAs and ribosomes and thereby affect translation. In the present experiments, the ability of complementary sequences to bind to rRNA was investigated by using photochemical cross-linking. RNA probes with perfect comp...

Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is characterized by defects in craniofacial development, which results from mutations in the TCOF1 gene. TCOF1 encodes the nucleolar phosphoprotein treacle, which interacts with upstream binding factor (UBF) and affects transcription of the ribosomal DNA gene. The present study shows participation of treacle in the 2'-O-methylation of pre-rRNA. Antisense-mediated...

as new pathogenic strains are emerging and threatening aquaculture development, myxosporeans (myxozoa) are receiving much attention in recent years. myxosporean taxonomy is traditionally based on morphology of the myxospore stage. molecular data on indian myxosporeans are rare. in this report, the 18s rrna gene sequence of myxobolus cuttacki infecting gill lamellae of minor carp labeo bata (ham...

We have determined the sequences of the 3'-terminal approximately 100 nucleotides of [5' -32P]pCp-labeled wheat mitochondrial, wheat cytosol, and E. coli small sub-unit rRNAs. Sequence comparison demonstrates that within this region, there is a substantially greater degree of homology between wheat mitochondrial 18S and E. coli 16S rRNAs than between either of these and wheat cytosol 18S rRNA. ...

Reverse transcription and real-time PCR have become the method of choice for the detection of low-abundance mRNA transcripts obtained from small human muscle biopsy samples. GAPDH, beta-actin, beta-2M, and 18S rRNA are widely employed as endogenous control genes, with the assumption that their expression is unregulated and constant for given experimental conditions. The aim of this study was to...

The nucleotide sequence of the rDNA 18S region isolated from diploid and tetraploid species of the amphibian Odontophrynus americanus was determined and used to predict the secondary structure of the corresponding 18S rRNA molecules. Comparison of the primary and secondary structures for the 2n and 4n species confirmed that these species are very closely related. Only three nucleotide substitut...

Analysis of processing, assembly, and function of higher eukaryotic ribosomal RNA (rRNA) has been hindered by the lack of an expression system that enables rRNA to be modified and then examined functionally. Given the potential usefulness of such a system, we have developed one for mammalian 18S rRNA. We inserted a sequence tag into expansion segment 3 of mouse 18S rRNA to monitor expression an...

Histones are the major protein component of chromatin structure. The histone family is made up of a quintet of proteins, four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 & H4) and the linker histones (H1). Spacers are found between the coding regions. Among insects this quintet of genes is usually clustered and the clusters are tandemly repeated. Ribosomal DNA contains a cluster of the rRNA sequences 18S, 5.8S...