To solve the ill-posed problem of shape-from-shading, the visual system often relies on prior assumptions such as illumination from above or viewpoint from above. Here we demonstrate that a third prior assumption is used--namely that the surface is globally convex. We use complex surface shapes that are realistically rendered with computer graphics, and we find that performance in a local-shape...

In 1769, Euler, by generalising Fermat's Last Theorem, conjectured that "it is impossible to exhibit three fourth powers whose sum is a fourth power", "four fifth powers whose sum is a fifth power, and similarly for higher powers". The first counterexample to the conjecture, was found in 1966 after a systematic computer search: 275 +845 + 1105 + 1335 = 1445. More recently, Euler's conjecture wa...

We report the detection of atomic chlorine emissions in the atmosphere of Io using Hubble Space Telescope observations with the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS). The Cl I λ1349 dipole allowed and Cl I] λ1386 forbidden transition multiplets are detected at a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 6 and 10, respectively, in a combined GHRS spectrum acquired from 1994 through 1996. Oxygen and s...

1335 Glucocorticoid intracellular metabolism, catalyzed by the 2 isozymes of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βHSD), determines the corticosteroid action on target tissues. 11β-HSD1 functions as a reductase in most cells and catalyzes the regeneration of active glucocorticoids, thereby amplifying their action. This isozyme is widely expressed in liver, adipose tissue, muscle, pancreatic isle...

2014 The general results recently obtained for the Boltzmann collision term in a gas of atomic hydrogen are applied to the study of longitudinal spin diffusion in high magnetic fields. This phenomenon can be described as a diffusion of concentration in a four component reactive mixture (the reaction being here the electronic transfer between nuclei). A numerical discussion of all the coefficien...

Abstract We present an analysis of wind absorption in the C ii λ 1335 doublet toward 40 classical T Tauri stars with archival far-ultraviolet (FUV) spectra obtained by Hubble Space Telescope. Absorption features produced fast or slow winds are commonly detected (36 out targets) our sample. The velocity decreases disk inclination, which is consistent expectations for a collimated jet. Slow mostl...

Jupiter's moon Io is known to host active volcanoes. In February and March 2007, the New Horizons spacecraft obtained a global snapshot of Io's volcanism. A 350-kilometer-high volcanic plume was seen to emanate from the Tvashtar volcano (62 degrees N, 122 degrees W), and its motion was observed. The plume's morphology and dynamics support nonballistic models of large Io plumes and also suggest ...

Trost M.E., Kommers G.D., Brown C.C., Barros C.S.L., Irigoyen L.F., Fighera R.A., Inkelmann M.A. & Silva T.M. 2012. Primary bone neoplasms in dogs: 90 cases. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(12):1329-1335. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected] A retrospective study of necropsy and biopsy cases o...

The power spectra for line intensities of lower chro-mospheric lines N i 1319 A and C ii 1335 A are presented. On a number of occasions, intensity oscillations were seen to occur in N i at 3.7 mHz while C ii over the same spatial location showed oscillations close to 2.7 mHz. In a network region, the C ii line intensity was time-delayed by 1 min., compared to the N i line intensity. For network...

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