this study was conducted in split plot design based on a randomized complete block design in naghadeh region, urmia, iran in 2009-10. two sowing patterns including a1) single row planting with 50 cm between-row spacing, and a2) two rows planting on the hill with 40 cm distance and 50 cm between-row spacing (40×50) were allocated to main plots and four furrow compactions including b1) control, b...

for determining sugar beet water requirements, this work was conducted at the  agricultural research station of torog in mashhad for 3 years. crop water requirement was measured by a drainage type lysimeter with dimension of 2*2*1 m. in order to reduce side effects, an area about 1600 m2 around the lysimeter (as a guard) was cultivated with sugar beet. soil water content was measured by tensiom...

Two field experiments were conducted at the Desert Experimental Station of the Fac. of Agric., Cairo Univ. in Wadi El-Natroon, during 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons to study the response of sugar beet yield and some of its attributes in three multigerm seed cultivars, viz. Heba, Ninagri and Halawa under drip irrigation in a split plot design to foliar application with zinc (Zn) + Manganese (Mn...

In this study, the effects of nitrogen fertilizer and plant growth regulator (ethephon) application on leaf chlorophyl, stem height and diameter, stalk yield, total sugar and bioethanol of sweet sorghum were determined. Four nitrogen treatments 0, 100, 200 and 300 Kg Urea ha-1 and four ethephon concentrations 0, 800, 1000, and 1200 ppm were applied on sweet sorghum in a split plot on randomized...

The production of acetone, butanol, and ethanol (ABE) by fermentation is a process that had been used by industries for decades. Two stage immobilized column reactor system integrated with liquid-liquid extraction was used with immobilized Clostridium acetobutylicum DSM 792, to enhance the ABE productivity and yield. The sugar mixture (glucose, mannose, galactose, arabinose, and xylose) represe...

The options and prospects for the direct production of white sugar in a cane sugar mill are reviewed. Plantation white sugar has been made for many years in some countries but cannot meet the requirements for refined sugars. These low colour sugars are now a popular quality raw sugar for the increasing number of destination refineries. Attainment of refined sugar standards needs the application...

Water is a major constituent of food products even if it is present at a trace level as in white crystalline sugar. Molecular interactions between sugar and water are at the origin of structural as well as mechanical properties (density, compressibility, flow) of bulk sugar. Conditioning of white sugar is therefore difficult because it is sensitive to relative humidity and temperature of surrou...

The reform of the European Union's sugar regime caused potential decreasing beet prices. Therefore, the Speeding Up Sugar Yield (SUSY) project was initiated. At the start, a 3 × 15 target was formulated: in 2015 the national average sugar yield in the Netherlands equals 15 t/ha (60% of the sugar beet potential) and the total variable costs 15 euro/t sugar beet, aspiring a saving on total variab...

The discrepancies across test sites and years, along with the interaction between cultivar and environment, make it difficult to accurately evaluate the differences of the sugarcane cultivars. Using a genotype main effect plus genotype-environment interaction (GGE) Biplot software, the yield performance data of seven sugarcane cultivars in the 8th Chinese National Sugarcane Regional Tests were ...

one of the biggest barriers for agricultural production in iran is water deficit. however, certain optimum approaches for water application can solve this problem. deficit irrigation technique is an approach that could have a better and economic use of water in agriculture. in this regard, a research with three factors including two irrigation intervals of 8 and 12 days, two nitrogen fertilizer...