DNA ligases are Mg++-dependent enzymes that catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bonds at single-strand breaks in double-stranded DNA (for review and main references up to 1992, see Engler and Richardson 1982; Lindahl and Barnes 1992). The first step in the reaction is the formation of a covalent enzyme/adenylate intermediate. DNA ligases from eukaryotes, archaea, and viruses employ ATP as ...

Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients have poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL) comparing to general population and comparable HRQOL to patients with other major chronic diseases. Poor HRQOL is associated with shorter survival. There is a limited threshold to which dialysis dose and parameters management can improve HRQOL in ESRD patients. Numerous studies have sought to fi...

In their 2000 paper, “A Note on Wittgenstein’s ‘Notorious Paragraph’ about the Gödel theorem,” Juliet Floyd and Hilary Putnam present a new analysis of Wittgenstein’s “notorious” remarks on Gödel’s first incompleteness theorem. A substantial portion of this analysis focuses on the following key claim. Let “P” be the “I am not provable” sentence from Gödel’s proof of incompleteness, and let “PM”...

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) is a rare B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder predominantly involving the lungs, but poorly-recognized among clinicians and pathologists. It is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)driven disease mimicking several other diseases on clinical and radiological grounds, generally showing multiple, bilateral nodular, ill-defined infiltrates of the lungs tending to coalescence...

Corollary 1.1. Consider an M/M/s queue with Poisson(λ ) arrivals and each server having exponential service time exp(μ) service. If λ > sμ , then the output process in steady state is Poisson(λ ). Proof. Let X(t) denote the number of customers in the system at time t. Since M/M/s process is a birth and death process, it follows from the previous proposition that {X(t), t ≥ 0} is time reversible...

BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that good district management practices can improve health system performance and conversely, that poor and inefficient management practices have detrimental effects. The aim of the present study was to identify factors contributing to inefficient management practices of district health managers and ways to improve their overall efficiency. METHODS Nine...

UNLABELLED Illicit drugs affect the central nervous system by introducing alterations in cognitive, attention and memory functions. AIM this paper aims to characterize the auditory selective attention skills of subjects with history of illicit drug use and check whether the amount of time for which these subjects took drugs impacts the severity of the encountered alterations. MATERIALS AND ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) on breast-feeding initiation and duration overall and according to maternal education. DESIGN Quasi-experimental study using data from five states (Alaska, Maine, Nebraska, Ohio, Washington) that participated in the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System from 1999 to 2009. Using differences-in-differences mo...

BACKGROUND In response to Zambia's critical human resources for health challenges, a number of strategies have been implemented to recruit and retain health workers in rural and remote areas. Prior to this study, the effectiveness of these strategies had not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to determine the impacts of the various health worker retention strategies on health work...

The purpose of this study was to determine the race profile for a 2000-m simulated rowing race as well as the effect of training and gender on the race profile. Nineteen men and 19 women undertook a 2000-m simulated rowing race before and after 10 weeks of a typical off-season training program for rowing. Velocity was calculated every 200 m and the deviation in velocities from the mean race vel...