In this study, we investigated the basis of the resistance of muscles to tumor metastases. We found that a low molecular weight fraction (Mr <3000) of skeletal muscle cell-conditioned medium (MCM) markedly inhibits the proliferation of carcinoma, sarcoma, or melanoma cell lines in vitro. The MCM exerts a cytostatic effect on tumor cell growth and arrests the cells in G0/G1 of the cell cycle. Ho...

Electronic Polymers are solving new problems in the technology revolution brought on by the quest for ultimate computing performance. Computing power will increase by an order of magnitude during this decade and MultiChip Modules (MCM) will be the main enabling technology. The MCM strategy of closely packing bare die onto inorganic or polymer substrates demands new materials, especially for die...

The minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins are thought to function as the replicative helicases in archaea. In most archaeal species studied, the interaction between MCM and the initiator protein, Cdc6, inhibits helicase activity. To date, the only exception is the helicase and Cdc6 proteins from the archaeon Thermoplasma acidophilum. It was previously shown that when the Cdc6 protein intera...

The initiation of eukaryotic DNA replication requires the assembly of active CMG (Cdc45-MCM-GINS) helicases at replication origins by a set of conserved and essential firing factors. This process is controlled during the cell cycle by cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and Dbf4-dependent kinase (DDK), and in response to DNA damage by the checkpoint kinase Rad53/Chk1. Here we show that Sld3, previous...

We report the development of a combined strategy for high capacity, comprehensive enrichment of endogenous peptide from complex biological samples at natural pH condition. MCM-41 nanoparticles with highly ordered nanoscale pores (i.e. 4.8nm) and high-surface area (i.e. 751m(2)/g) were synthesized and modified with strong cation-exchange (SCX-MCM-41) and strong anion-exchange (SAX-MCM-41) groups...

The MCM proteins are a group of six proteins whose action is vital for DNA replication in eukaryotes. It has been suggested that they constitute the replicative helicase, with a subset of the proteins forming the catalytic helicase (MCM4,6,7) while the others have a loading or control function. In this paper we show that all six MCM proteins are present in equivalent amounts in soluble extracts...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the metallothionein (MT), maintenance protein 2 (Mcm-2) and Ki-67 expressions in adrenocortical adenomas and carcinomas in comparison to normal tissue and evaluate the correlations between these markers of proliferation and between these markers and tumor diameter. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of MT, Mcm-2 and Ki-67 was assessed by immuno...

The hexameric MCM complex is the catalytic core of the replicative helicase in eukaryotic and archaeal cells. Here we describe the first in vivo analysis of archaeal MCM protein structure and function relationships using the genetically tractable haloarchaeon Haloferax volcanii as a model system. Hfx. volcanii encodes a single MCM protein that is part of the previously identified core group of ...

The minichromosome maintenance (MCM) complex is thought to function as the replicative helicase in archaea, separating the two strands of chromosomal DNA during replication. The catalytic activity resides within the C-terminal region of the MCM protein, while the N-terminal portion plays an important role in DNA binding and protein multimerization. An alignment of MCM homologues from several ar...

During late M and early G(1), MCM2-7 assembles and is loaded onto chromatin in the final step of prereplicative complex (pre-RC) formation. However, the regulation of MCM assembly remains poorly understood. Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-dependent phosphorylation contributes to DNA replication by initially activating pre-RCs and subsequently inhibiting refiring of origins during S and M phases, ...