The survival of metazoan organisms is dependent upon the utilization of O2 as a substrate for COX (cytochrome c oxidase), which constitutes Complex IV of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Premature transfer of electrons, either at Complex I or at Complex III, results in the increased generation of ROS (reactive oxygen species). Recent studies have identified two critical adaptations that may...

1. The decrease in the protein fluorescence (F) of Neurospora crassa glutamate dehydrogenase is linearly related to the increase in the fraction of the coenzyme sites occupied by NADPH (alpha) at pH6.35. Under these conditions NADPH causes this enzyme to dissociate to monomers. 2. There is a non-linear relationship of F to alpha for NADH binding to give the alcohol dehydrogenase-NADH-isobutyram...

The Coregonus lavaretus (Linnaeus, 1758) complex is a morphologically and genetically diverse group of whitefish. Its taxonomic structure has been controversial for almost century. At least 25 forms C. have described in Siberia, but there still no consensus on their intraspecific taxonomy. pidschian (Gmelin, 1789) was as subspecies lavaretus. Recently, it assumed that this also complex. purpose...

Mitochondrial DNA from two genetically unrelated patients carrying the mutation at position 11778 that causes Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy has been transferred with mitochondria into human mtDNA-less rho0206 cells. As analyzed in several transmitochondrial cell lines thus obtained, the mutation, which is in the gene encoding subunit ND4 of the respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (ND), d...

La variabilidad genética intrapoblacional de Vultur gryphus (cóndores andinos) las regiones Cusco y Apurímac fue evaluada mediante amplificación secuenciación del ADN mitocondrial correspondientes a la región control subunidad ribosomal 12S (D-Loop-ARNr12S), los genes Citocromo Oxidasa I (COI) NADH deshidrogenasa II (ND2). El se extrajo partir cálamos plumas muda ejemplares en cautiverio silves...

The identification of the efficiency of some mtDNA genes of Mus musculus species complex (house mouse) for biosystematics research was studied in this approach. Recent studies have made use of different mitochondrial genes including NADH dehydrogenase genes, cytochrome b gene, cytochrome oxidase genes, D-loop region and whole mtDNA genome to study the house mouse species. Usage of each of these...

1. Kidney-cortex slices incubated with pyruvate formed glucose and lactate in relatively large and approximately equimolar quantities. The formation of these products involves two exclusively cytoplasmic NADH(2)-requiring reductions, catalysed by lactate dehydrogenase and triose phosphate dehydrogenase. From the rates of glucose and lactate formation it can be calculated that over 1000mu-moles ...