The aim of the current study is to determine virulence genes E. faecalis and polymorphism in these bacteria. A total 300 females who visited outpatient clinics Maternity Pediatrics Teaching Hospital Al-Diwaniya city, Iraq were enrolled. For twenty isolates that showed dense growth when cultured on specified culture media, then sensitivity antibiotics was tested, determined for each isolate, whe...

Abstract Background Health expectancy indicators aim at capturing the quality dimension of total life expectancy.; however, underlying approach, definition health, and information source differ considerably among available. Objective (1) Review main concepts approaches used to estimate health focusing on two widely European indicators: Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy (HALE) Healthy Years (HLY);...

the aim of this study was to identify virulent shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains isolated from faecal samples of 100 clinically healthy calves. in the present study, a total of 100 escherichia coli (e. coli) isolates from clinically healthy calves belonging to 6 different farms located in khorasan razavi province, iran, were examined for presence of virulence genes character...

The ability to differentiate bacteria beyond the species level is essential for identifying and tracking infectious disease outbreaks and to improve our knowledge of the population genetics, epidemiology, and ecology of bacterial pathogens. Commonly used subtyping methods, such as serotyping, phage typing, ribotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, can yield ambiguous results that are di...

Abstract Background Streptococcus agalacticae (Group B , GBS) is one of the most important causative agents serious infections among neonates. This study was carried out to identify antibiotic resistance and virulence genes associated with GBS isolated from pregnant women. Methods A total 43 isolates were obtained 420 vaginal samples collected HIV positive negative women who 13–35 weeks attendi...

Previous studies have shown that early phagosome-endosome fusion events following phagocytosis of Listeria monocytogenes are modulated by the live organism. In the present study, we have characterized more fully the intracellular pathway of dead and live Listeria phagosomes. To examine access of endosomal and lysosomal markers to phagosomes containing live and dead Listeria, quantitative electr...