Previous studies have shown that CYP2E1 and carboxylesterase enzymes contributed to vinyl carbamate (VC) metabolism in murine lung. Moreover, these studies have implicated CYP2E1 and the carboxylesterases in bioactivation and detoxication, respectively. Here we have tested the hypothesis that CYP2E1 and carboxylesterase enzymes are involved also in VC metabolism in human lung. Demethylation of ...

BACKGROUND Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) might be involved in the development of bladder cancer. However, previous studies of any association between CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI polymorphism and bladder cancer risk have yielded conflicting results. In this study, we performed a more precise estimation of the relationship by a meta-analysis based on the currently available evidence from the literature. ME...

Activating transcription factor (ATF) 4 is involved in the regulation of oxidative stress in fibroblasts and neurons. The role of ATF4 in hepatocytes, however, is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ATF4 in hepatocytes in oxidative stress under a high-fat diet (HFD). Here, we showed that palmitate-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and triglyceride (TG...

Idiosyncratic drug-induced hepatitis (IDDIH) is the third most common cause for acute liver failure in the United States. Previous studies have attempted to identify susceptible patients or early stages of disease with various degrees of success. To determine if total serum immunoglobulin subclasses, CYP2E1-specific subclass autoantibodies, complement components, or immune complexes could disti...

Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) potentiates oxidative stress-mediated cell death. Heat shock proteins (Hsps) modulate the stability and function of numerous proteins. We examined the effect of geldanamycin (GA), an inhibitor of Hsp90, on CYP2E1-mediated toxicity in transfected HepG2 cells overexpressing CYP2E1 (E47 cells). Basal expression of CYP2E1 and Hsp90 was higher in E47 cells compared with ...

Autophagy has been shown to be protective against drug and alcohol-induced liver injury. CYP2E1 plays a role in the toxicity of ethanol, carcinogens and certain drugs. Inhibition of autophagy increased ethanol-toxicity and accumulation of fat in wild type and CYP2E1 knockin mice but not in CYP2E1 knockout mice as well as in HepG2 cells expressing CYP2E1 (E47 cells) but not HepG2 cells lacking C...

There have been few studies of the associations of genetic polymorphisms with precancerous gastric lesions. We conducted a cross-sectional study to compare the prevalences of several genetic polymorphisms in 302 subjects with mild chronic atrophic gastritis with prevalences in 606 subjects with deep intestinal metaplasia or dysplasia. This stratified random sample of 908 subjects was selected a...

The inducible form of heme oxygenase (HO-1) is increased during oxidative injury, and this may be an important defense mechanism against such injury. Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) generates reactive oxygen species and promotes lipid peroxidation. In this study induction of HO-1 by CYP2E1 and the possible role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in this process were evaluated. HO-1 inducti...

Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), a phase I enzyme, is involved in the activation of a broad spectrum of pro-carcinogens. The importance of this enzyme for pharmacology is derived from its unique substrate spectrum. Large inter-individual differences in the toxicity of its substrates are known. We investigated the quantitative Cyp2E1 mRNA expression in a cohort of patients with fibrotic and inflamm...

Hepatic induction of CYP2E1 is a major pathway involved in oxidative stress and damage caused by chronic ethanol consumption; CYP2E1 also promotes the activation of a variety of hepatotoxins to reactive intermediates. Phorbol esters activate protein kinase C (PKC), thereby blocking cell differentiation and promoting tumor growth. In this study, we examined the possible role of PKC signaling as ...