As of today, numerous researchers have explored the issue of secure and efficient smart card based authentication scheme for these variety of application areas. This article explores the background research on the single server smart card authentication schemes as well as multi-server smart card authentication schemes and its associated research gaps. This article gives comparative analysis of ...

The Belgian Electronic Identity Card enables Belgian citizens to prove their identity digitally and to sign electronic documents. At the end of 2009, every Belgian citizen older than 12 years will have such an eID card. In the future, usage of the eID card may be mandatory. However, irresponsible use of the card may cause harm to individuals. Currently, there exist some privacy and security pro...

Remotely keyed encryption supports fast encryption on a slow smart card. For the scheme described here, even a smart card without a builtin encryption function, would do the job, e.g., a signature card.

Understanding the empirical rules that regulate alterations of hippocampal firing fields will enhance our understanding of hippocampal function. The current study sought to extend previous research in this area by examining the effect of substituting a new stimulus for a familiar stimulus in a familiar environment. Hippocampal place cells were recorded while rats chased food pellets scattered o...

Usually, testing smart card software is carried-out by specialized engineers in a proprietary language. Testing represents generally half of smart card development effort. With the increasing use of semi-formal and formal modeling languages, such as UML, and the emergence of automatic test generators in the industry, we have studied a way to adapt these techniques for smart card. In this articl...

This paper introduces an artificial payment card market in which we model the interactions between consumers, merchants and competing card issuers with the aim of determining the optimal pricing structure for card issuers. We allow card issuers to charge consumers and merchants with fixed fees, provide net benefits from card usage and engage in marketing activities. The demand by consumers and ...

This article describes a Java Card programming environment which to a large extent is generated from formal specifications of the syntax and semantics of Java Card, the JCRE (Java Card Runtime Environment), and the Java Card APIs. The resulting environment consists of a set of tightly integrated and somewhat smart tools, such as a Java specific structure editor and a simulator which allows an a...

This research examines whether temporal orientation moderates the impact of compulsive buying tendencies (CBT) on credit card debt. Participants completed the consideration of future consequences scale, a compulsive buying scale, and reported their credit card debt. Results revealed that CBT mediated the relationship between concern with immediate consequences and credit card debt, and high con...

A smart card runtime environment must provide the proper transaction support for the reliable update of data, especially on multiapplication cards like the Java Card. The transaction mechanism must meet the demands by the applications and the system itself within the minimal resources offered by current smart card hardware. This paper presents the current transaction model implied by the Java C...