A plausible determinant of the specificity of receptor signaling is the cellular compartment over which the signal is broadcast. In rat heart, stimulation of b1-adrenergic receptor (b1-AR), coupled to Gs-protein, or b2-AR, coupled to Gsand Gi-proteins, both increase L-type Ca 21 current, causing enhanced contractile strength. But only b1-AR stimulation increases the phosphorylation of phosphola...

The effects of smoking, aspirin ingestion, and sex differences on bleeding times and bleeding time thromboxane B2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG)F1 alpha production were examined. Nonsmoking men produced more thromboxane B2 (3.99 +/- 0.76 ng/ml) than nonsmoking women (2.13 +/- 0.24 ng/ml). Female smokers produced more thromboxane B2 (5.01 +/- 0.97 ng/ml) than nonsmoking women. Twenty-four hours a...

The cellular and molecular mechanisms governing bradykinin B1 and B2 receptor expression and function are poorly understood. We investigated the regulation of both B1 and B2 receptors in human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HEL 299) by the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-a) and interleukin 1b (IL-1b). TNF-a and IL-1b both induced a rapid and transient increase in B1 and B2 r...

Background: Liver fluke can infect cattle and sheep, and is also emerging as a human pathogen in developing countries. Cathepsin B (Cat B2) is a major cysteine protease secreted by the juvenile flukes. To enhance the immune responses of Cat B2, the cDNA sequence was fused with four different DNA vaccine vectors. The induced cellular and antibody responses were compared in vaccinated mice. Metho...

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are responsible for human botulism, a life-threatening disease characterized by flaccid muscle paralysis that occurs naturally by food poisoning or colonization of the gastrointestinal tract by BoNT-producing clostridia. BoNTs have been classified as category A agents by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. To date, 7 subtypes of BoNT/B were identified s...

We conducted this study to ascertain the prevalence of erb-b2 gene amplification in breast cancer specimens read as 2+ in immunohistochemical analysis. Slides from patients with metastatic or recurrent breast cancer were eligible for fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) study if they were read as 2+ immunohistochemically for erb-b2 by a certified pathologist. The PathVysion kit (Vysis, Down...

τ∗ = inf { t∗ ≤ t ≤ T | b1(t) ≤ S t −B t ≤ b2(t) } where t∗ ∈ [0, T ) and the functions t 7→ b1(t) and t 7→ b2(t) are continuous on [t∗, T ] with b1(T )=0 and b2(T )=1/2μ . If μ > 0 then b1 is decreasing and b2 is increasing on [t∗, T ] with b1(t∗) = b2(t∗) when t∗ 6= 0 . Using local time-space calculus we derive a coupled system of nonlinear Volterra integral equations of the second kind and s...

The actions of bradykinin (BK) in mammals are mediated through the activation of the B1 and B2 BK receptors. The only BK receptor that has been cloned from a non-mammalian species is a B2-like receptor from the chicken (termed the ornithokinin receptor). Pharmacological studies have demonstrated the presence of BK receptors in tissues of teleost fishes, such as trout and cod, but the ligand-bin...

Ephrin-B2 is a transmembrane ligand that is specifically expressed on arterial endothelial cells (ECs) and surrounding cells and interacts with multiple EphB class receptors. Conversely, EphB4, a specific receptor for ephrin-B2, is expressed on venous ECs, and both ephrin-B2 and EphB4 play essential roles in vascular development. The bidirectional signals between EphB4 and ephrin-B2 are thought...

We investigated the role of lamin B2 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We detected higher lamin B2 expression in 20 NSCLC tumor tissues obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas than in adjacent normal lung tissues. LMNB2-RNAi knockdown in A549 and H1299 NSCLC cells inhibited colony formation, cell proliferation and G1-S cell cycle progression while increasing apoptosis. LMNB2 overexpression h...