Chronic stress enhances risk for psychiatric disorders, and in animal models is known to evoke depression-like behavior accompanied by perturbed neurohormonal, metabolic, neuroarchitectural and transcriptional changes. Serotonergic neurotransmission, including serotonin2A (5-HT2A) receptors, have been implicated in mediating specific aspects of stress-induced responses. Here we investigated the...

BACKGROUND Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences located at the ends of chromosomes. Chromosomal and genomic instability due to telomere dysfunction has been known to play an important role in the carcinogenesis of some organs. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between smoking and the telomere length of human bronchial epithelial cells in individuals with and wi...

The liquid-liquid interfacial precipitation (LLIP) approach was used to synthesize the C60 fullerene nanowhisker (FNW)–CuS nanoparticle composites utilizing a CuS solution, C60-saturated toluene, and isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission (TEM) were characterize product of FNW–CuS composites. These also utili...

BACKGROUND Au/CuS core/shell nanoparticles (NPs) were designed as a new type of transducer agent for photothermal therapy (PTT), with attractive features of easy preparation, low cost and small size for targeting. This paper studied for the first time the intrinsic antimicrobial activity of Au/CuS NPs to B. anthracis spores and cells in addition to its PTT effect. RESULTS It was found that Au...

Uniform hollow spheres of Cu2O and CuS were successfully synthesized by chemical transformation of in situ formed sacrificial templates containing Cu(I) in aqueous solutions. The shell thickness of these hollow spheres can be adjusted through the choice of the bromide source used for the formation of intermediate templates. Specifically, thick-shell hollow spheres (about 130-180 nm in shell thi...

By the mid 20th century, the grey wolf (Canis lupus) was exterminated from most of the conterminous United States (cUS) and Mexico. However, because wolves disperse over long distances, extant populations in Canada and Alaska might have retained a substantial proportion of the genetic diversity once found in the cUS. We analysed mitochondrial DNA sequences of 34 pre-extermination wolves and fou...

Hormone replacement therapy is the principal treatment for perimenopausal affective disorders which can cause severe side effects. The present study compared the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) and estradiol treatment on perimenopausal affective disorders at the behavioral and cellular levels. In this randomized experimental in vivo study, adult female rats were divided into intact, ovariect...

OBJECTIVE In this study, the effect of maternal deprivation (MD) and chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) in inducing depressive behaviors and associated molecular mechanism were investigated in rats. METHODS Maternal deprivation was established by separating pups from their mothers for 6 hours daily from postnatal day 1 to day 14. Chronic unpredictable stress was established by water deprivati...