The pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was investigated by analysis of changes in viral and histologic parameters in 36 renal transplant recipients who were infected with HCV before transplantation. Each patient was classified according to development of liver fibrosis as assessed by 2 liver biopsies done 45 and 81 months after transplantation: 13 had progressing liver fibrosis (...

Accumulating evidence indicates that neutralizing antibodies play an important role in protection from chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Efforts to elicit such responses by immunization with intact heterodimeric E1E2 envelope proteins have met with limited success. To determine whether antigenic sites, which are not exposed by the combined E1E2 heterodimer structure, are capable of eli...

Urban spatial interaction integrates cities into closely related urban network systems in continuous regions. However, it also brings differentiation and has mutual negative impacts between each location. Unbalanced development is one such needs monitoring. The housing vacancy rate (HVR) a region an important index the unbalanced of since indicates uneven distribution population investment acro...

Thirteen South Wales kindreds with adult polycystic kidney disease have been studied for genetic linkage using the alpha globin and 3'HVR probes. A maximum lod score of 24.187 was found at a recombination fraction of 0.03. This study supports the existence of a single locus on chromosome 16 responsible for the disorder.

François Jacob, in his brilliant 'The possible and the actual' (Jacob 1982), reminds us that 'scientific investigation begins by inventing a possible world, or a small piece of a possible world'. One may add that the space allowed for the possible is likely to be in strong positive correlation with the level of our ignorance. What chance, then, when discussing language / farming / gene dispersa...

BACKGROUND Infectious bursal disease is a highly contagious and acute viral disease caused by the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV); it affects all major poultry producing areas of the world. The current study was designed to rigorously measure the global phylogeographic dynamics of IBDV strains to gain insight into viral population expansion as well as the emergence, spread and pattern of...

Muscular exercise is associated with hypermetabolism and increased hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR). In order to dissociate mechanical and metabolic factors, the effect of hypermetabolism on hypoxic ventilatory response was evaluated at rest. Carbohydrate and protein feeding increases metabolic rate, and their effects on chemosensitivity, ventilation, and blood pH were evaluated in six normal...

This paper is a preliminary description of three HVR-DNA markers routinely used in Poland: D7S21, D12S11, and D5S110. The distribution of phenotypes and allele frequencies in the population of central Poland is presented. The independence of inheritance within and between loci was confirmed. Our data indicate that among the screening systems the most polymorphic system is D12S11/Hinf I.

Reduced tolerance to high altitude may be associated with a low ventilatory and an increased pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia. We therefore, examined whether individuals susceptible to acute mountain sickness (AMS) or high altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPE) could be identified by noninvasive measurements of these parameters at low altitude. Ventilatory response to hypoxia (HVR) and hypercap...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) populations persist in vivo as a mixture of heterogeneous viruses called quasispecies. The relationship between the genetic heterogeneity of these variants and their responses to antiviral treatment remains to be elucidated. We have studied 26 virus strains to determine the influence of hypervariable region 1 (HVR-1) of the HCV genome on the effectiveness of alpha interf...