OBJECTIVE To investigate net clinical benefit (NCB) of warfarin in individuals with atrial fibrillation (AF) across stroke risk and across primary and secondary care. METHODS We conducted a linked electronic health record cohort study of 70 206 individuals with initial record of diagnosis of AF in primary (n=29 568) or secondary care (n=40 638) in England (1998-2010). We defined stroke risk a...

Src homology 2 (SH2) domains play a critical role in cellular signal transduction. They bind to peptides containing phosphotyrosine (pY) with various specificities that depend on the flanking amino-acid residues. The SH2 domain of growth-factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2) specifically recognizes pY-X-N-X, whereas the SH2 domains in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) recognize pY-X-X-M. Bi...

There are two phases of fore-stomach development during the first 200 days of pouch life in tammar wallaby. For the first 170 days, the mucosa displays an immature gastric glandular phenotype that changes to a cardia glandular phenotype, which remains for the rest of the animal's life. During this 200-day period after birth, the pouch young (PY) is dependent on maternal milk, which progressivel...

OBJECTIVE Phytosterols present in parenteral nutrition (PN) lipid emulsions have been linked to phytosterolemia and cholestatic liver disease, although no direct relation has been established. We investigated the relation among plasma phytosterol (PY) infused, total plasma PY levels, and possible links to PN-associated liver disease. METHODS Twenty-seven adult patients on home PN were enrolle...

How receptors control virus infection is poorly understood. Polyomavirus (Py) binds to the sialic acid-galactose moiety on receptors to gain entry into host cells and cause infection. We previously demonstrated that the sialic acid-galactose-containing glycolipids called gangliosides GD1a and GT1b promote Py infection, in part, by sorting the virus from the endolysosomes to the endoplasmic reti...

|x′ = v, y′ = u 〉 = |x = u, y = v 〉 . (1) We assume a similar relationship exists in momentum space (to be completely general, we should also include a possible phase factor, but for this problem it won’t be necessary): |px = a, py = b 〉 = |px = c, py = d 〉 . (2) Because the inner product in conserved under a change of coordinates, we have: 〈x′ = u, y′ = v |px = a, py = b 〉 = 〈x = u, y = v |px ...

The mechanisms by which receptors guide intracellular virus transport are poorly characterized. The murine polyomavirus (Py) binds to the lipid receptor ganglioside GD1a and traffics to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where it enters the cytosol and then the nucleus to initiate infection. How Py reaches the ER is unclear. We show that Py is transported initially to the endolysosome where the low...

In the title dinuclear iridium(III) complex, [Ir(2)(C(10)H(15))(2)(C(5)H(5)N(2)S)(2)]I(2), the iridium(III) atoms are bridged by 2-(aminosulfanyl)pyridine(1-) [(2-py)SNH] ligands in a μ-(2-py)SNH-κ(2)N(py),N(NH):κN(NH) mode. The dinuclear complex cation lies on a crystallographic inversion center, resulting in a planar Ir(2)N(2) ring with an Ir-N(py) bond length of 2.085 (9) Å and bridging Ir-N...

The interaction of β- and γ-cyclodextrins (β-CD and γ-CD, respectively) with polyacrylamide modified with pyrenyl (Py) residues (pAAmPy) was investigated in a mixed solvent of water and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) by steady-state fluorescence. In the absence of CD, the fluorescence spectra indicated that the formation of Py dimers became less favorable with increasing volume fraction of DMSO (x(D...