Ulcerative oral and skin lesions have become an issue of concern for the health of the managed black rhinoceros (rhino) (Diceros bicornis) populations. Lesions exhibited by the black rhino are clinically similar to those observed in other species with superficial necrolytic dermatitis (SND). One biochemical alteration in dogs with SND is severe hypoaminoacidemia, and nearly all cases are fatal....

Kaempferol exerts cardioprotective actions through incompletely understood mechanisms. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of kaempferol in sinus node dysfunction (SND) heart. Here, we demonstrate that angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion causes SND through oxidized calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII). In contrast to this, kaempferol protects sinus nod...

A central design challenge facing network planners is how to select a cost-effective network configuration that can provide uninterrupted service despite edge failures. In this paper, we study the Survivable Network Design (SND) problem, a core model underlying the design of such resilient networks that incorporates complex cost and connectivity trade-offs. Given an undirected graph with specif...

Although interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) administration produces nonuniform changes in the level of sympathetic nerve discharge (SND), the effect of IL-1beta on the frequency-domain relationships between discharges in different sympathetic nerves is not known. Autospectral and coherence analyses were used to determine the effect of IL-1beta and mild hypothermia (60 min after IL-1beta, colonic temp...

Splenic nerve denervation abrogates enhanced splenic cytokine gene expression responses to acute heating, demonstrating that hyperthermia-induced activation of splenic sympathetic nerve discharge (SND) increases splenic cytokine gene expression. Hypothermia alters SND responses; however, the role of the sympathetic nervous system in mediating splenic cytokine gene expression responses to hypoth...

We used bispectral analysis to characterize the nonlinear interactions of the respiratory-related (RR), cardiac-related (CR), or 10-Hz rhythms in sympathetic nerve discharge (SND) of urethan-anesthetized cats. Bispectral analysis investigates relationships among frequency triples in the same signal (inferior cardiac postganglionic SND) where the third frequency is the sum of the other two due t...

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetic patients display significantly higher incidence of cardiovascular (CV) events including stroke compared to non-diabetics. Morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) and blunted systolic night-day (SND) ratio have been associated with CV events in hypertensive patients. No studies have evaluated MBPS in newly diagnosed diabetic patients or studied the association with vascula...

A revolutionary system for programming sound and music in realtime is being presented. The system provides interfaces to extremely efficient high-level and garbageproducing programming languages, which process indivudal samples at a time, sample by sample, in realtime. This is possible by using the Rollendurchmesserzeitsammler garbage collector, the only known conservative garbage collector sui...

BACKGROUND Special Needs Dentistry (SND) has been recognized as a dental specialty in Australia since 2003 but there have been no studies addressing the profile of patients for specialist care. The purpose of this study is to identify, via referrals received, the profile of patients and quality of referrals at the largest public SND unit in Victoria, Australia. METHODS All referrals received ...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of level IIB metastasis in patients with clinically negative (N0) necks with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the supraglottic larynx and to assess whether level IIB lymph nodes may be left undissected in such patients. This was a prospective analysis of a case series. METHODS A prospective analysis of 68 patients with SCC of...