the study examines the relationship between the size of firms and their growth in iranian food and beverages industries. the study utilizes iranian industrial data, classified on the base of isic with 4-digit code. the study evaluates the validity of gibrat's law in the selected firms. the validity of the law has been examined by two methods. first, the panel analysis is applied and second...

It is of interest to apply plant tissue culture to generate plants resistant to toxic effects of cadmium (Cd) on plant growth. Callus cultures were initiated from leaf explants of micropropagated potato plantlets (Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Iwa) for in vitro selection comprising 18 different Cd treatments varying in Cd exposure timing and duration. Plantlets regenerated from two different lines ...

We study collusive pricing in duopoly with uncertain demand and exogenous capacity constraints. In this setting, collusion using only symmetric pricing can limit collusive pro…ts. We …nd that using asymmetric pricing in some demand states permits higher sustainable collusive pro…ts over the entire range of demand states. Consequently, we show joint pro…t maximizing collusion can include both sy...

Standard merger simulations focus solely on price changes while constraining the set of product characteristics to be identical preand post-merger. Recent papers have begun to address this issue (see, e.g. Fan, August 2013 AER). To overcome the limitations of traditional simulations, I endogenize both prices and product characteristics by specifying a two-stage oligopoly game. After estimating ...

A rich theory literature predicts mixed strategies in posted prices due to standard price discrimination, search frictions, and various other rationales. While typically interpreted as implying occasional sales or price dispersion, online marketplaces enable a firm to truly use randomization as a tool in pricing, and so such behavior should be expected to arise in online settings. We investigat...

We develop a simple model in which firm-specific advertising has cooperative and predatory effects. Our model is set in a static spatial market where firms are naturally segmented into two distinct submarkets: several large firms located in the core, with small firms operating as a fringe. We test the net effect of the offsetting market size and market share effects of both fringe and core firm...

Technology and industry structure are intertwined in complicated ways. So complicated that little research has been carried out on this subject. One of the few dogmas within the field is that rapid technological change is conducive to change in industry structure. This paper analyzes a case for which this proposition does not hold. The investigated industry is a technologically vigorous sector ...

The paper examines the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on the survival of business start-ups. FDI has potential for both negative displacement/competition effects as well as positive knowledge spillover and linkage effects on new ventures. We find a net positive effect for the whole dataset. However, a major contribution of the paper is to outline and test an argument that this effect...

Suppose an intermediary provides a benefit to buyers when they purchase from sellers using the intermediary’s technology. We develop a model to show that the intermediary would want to restrict sellers from charging buyers more for transactions it intermediates. With this restriction an intermediary can profitably raise demand for its services by eliminating any extra price buyers face for purc...

I develop a simple Hotelling model which corresponds the distribution of consumer preferences to the intensity of competition. This is a new perspective on consumer distribution in the Hotelling model. I impose two properties, mean preserving spread (MPS) and monotone likelihood ratio property (MLRP), on distribution functions. These properties provide a way to measure the intensity of competit...