BACKGROUND Since 2007, the Budapest criteria are recommended for the diagnosis of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) 1. The usefulness of bone scintigraphy (BS, index test) for the diagnosis of CRPS 1 remains controversial. Imperfect reference tests (RT) result in underestimation of the diagnostic accuracy of BS. Further, biased results can occur when a dependency between the RT and BS exist...

لایه کَندگی کربن‌­چگالی‌­بالا یکی از گزینه‌­های امیدبخش در افروزش گرماهسته­‌ای هدف­‌های گداخت محصورشدگی لختی است. به منظور کاهش ناپایداری‌­های هیدرودینامیکی و هم‌­چنین حفظ سوخت پدیده پیش‌­گرمایش، طراحی دوتایی با بیرونی کربن­‌چگالی­‌بالا که اخیراً توسط محققین مورد توجه قرار گرفته است، استفاده شده این‌­رو این پژوهش، بهینه‌­سازی یک هدف کروی دلخواه تک پلی‌­استایرن را کد MULTI-IFE بررسی دادیم. هدف، تح...

Band selection (BS), which selects a subset of original bands that contain the most useful information about objects, is an important technique to reduce the dimensionality of hyperspectral data. Dimensionality reduction before hyperspectral data classification can reduce redundancy information and even improve classification accuracy. We propose BS algorithms based on an ant colony optimizatio...

In leaves of the maize tangled1 (tan1) mutant, clusters of bundle sheath (BS)-like cells extend several cells distant from the veins, in association with the single layer of BS cells around the vein. We show that the BS-like cell clusters in tan1 leaves result from the continued division of cells in the procambial/BS cell lineage that do not divide further in wild-type leaves. The ectopic BS-li...

Critical growth stage of cotton crop was investigated by artificially imposing water stress under field conditions. The crop was given water deficit stress for a period of 30 days at squaring (SS) and first boll split (BS) phases by maintaining the leaf water potential (yw) at –2.2+0.2 MPa whereas in control plots yw was maintained at -1.6+ 0.2 MPa by irrigation scheduling. The average irrigati...

Purpose Bone scans (BS) are a low-value test for asymptomatic men with low-risk prostate cancer. We performed a quality improvement intervention aimed at reducing BS for these patients. Methods and materials The intervention was a presentation that leveraged the behavioral science concepts of social comparison and normative appeals. Participants were multidisciplinary stakeholders from the Ra...

Most vertebrates are capable of two forms of locomotion, forward and backward, strongly differing in the patterns of motor coordination. Basic mechanisms generating these patterns are located in the spinal cord; they are activated and regulated by supraspinal commands. In the lamprey, these commands are transmitted by reticulospinal (RS) neurons. The aim of this study was to reveal groups of RS...