Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is a chaperone protein in the endoplasmic reticulum that is up-regulated in mouse models of, and brains of patients with, neurodegenerative diseases involving protein misfolding. PDI's role in these diseases, however, is not fully understood. Here, we report the discovery of a reversible, neuroprotective lead optimized compound (LOC)14, that acts as a modulator...

We have found that tissue-type transglutaminase (tTG), also called TGc, TGase2 and Galpha(h), has the activity of protein disulphide isomerase (PDI). We have shown that tTG converts completely reduced/denatured inactive RNase A molecule to the native active enzyme. The PDI activity of tTG was strongly inhibited by bacitracin, which is a frequently used inhibitor of conventional PDI activity. It...

Protein-disulfide isomerase (PDI) has been proposed to exhibit an "unfoldase" activity against the catalytic A1 subunit of cholera toxin (CT). Unfolding of the CTA1 subunit is thought to displace it from the CT holotoxin and to prepare it for translocation to the cytosol. To date, the unfoldase activity of PDI has not been demonstrated for any substrate other than CTA1. An alternative explanati...

Protein disulfide isomerase (Pdi) is reported to be an insulin-regulated gene whose expression level is increased in the livers of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. We found that Pdi mRNA is 20-fold more abundant in the diabetes-susceptible BTBR mouse strain relative to the diabetes-resistant C56BL/6 (B6) strain. A genetic analysis was carried out to determine whether there is a causal...

Protein disulfide isomerase (Pdi) is reported to be an insulin-regulated gene whose expression level is increased in the livers of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. We found that Pdi mRNA is approximately 20-fold more abundant in the diabetes-susceptible BTBR mouse strain relative to the diabetes-resistant C56BL/6 (B6) strain. A genetic analysis was carried out to determine whether the...

Thermodynamics of the refolding of denatured D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) assisted by protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), a molecular chaperone, has been studied by isothermal microcalorimetry at different molar ratios of PDI/GAPDH and temperatures using two thermodynamic models proposed for chaperone-substrate binding and chaperone-assisted substrate folding, respectively....

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic impact of presentation-to-diagnosis interval (PDI) and its association with other clinical factors in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OpSCC). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Otolaryngology clinic of an academic medical center. PATIENTS Eighty-seven patients with OpSCC referred to the otolaryngology service at the Johns H...

Abdominal exercises, such as sit ups and leg lifts, are used to enhance strength of the core muscles. An overlooked aspect of abdominal exercises is the compression the abdomen, leading to increased diaphragmatic work. We hypothesized that core exercises would produce a variety of transdiaphragmatic pressures. We also sought to determine if some of the easy exercises would produce pressures suf...

endothelial cell and platelet b 3 integrins during thrombus formation in vivo, thereby regulating integrin activity. 5 Integrins are integral membrane proteins that mediate cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions. These molecules are essential for hematopoiesis, vascular development, immune and inflammatory responses, and hemostasis. Integrins are signaling receptors that can signal inf...

The primary activity of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), a multifunctional resident of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is the isomerization of disulfide bridges during protein folding. We isolated a cDNA encoding Dictyostelium discoideum PDI (Dd-PDI). Phylogenetic analyses and basic biochemical properties indicate that it belongs to a subfamily called P5, many members of which differ from the...