Simulations and Serious Games (SGs) are very promising educational tools as they include new powerful characteristics such as learner engagement or authentic environment for learning. Moreover SGs are highly interactive applications that can provide valuable information about the ingame students' interaction. Educators can take advantage of this information with different purposes such as stude...

We are after a Wikipedia for formal scientific knowledge; a crowdsourcing system where formal science claims are expressed as interpreted logical statements (a.k.a. claims). The crowd takes positions on claims and objectively argues these positions through Semantic Games (SGs). SGs are zero-sum, two-person games where players take two contradictory positions on claims and exchange examples and ...

Resistance to chemotherapy drugs is a serious therapeutic problem and its underlying molecular mechanisms are complex. Stress granules (SGs), cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein complexes assembled in cells exposed to stress, are implicated in various aspects of cancer cell metabolism and survival. SGs promote the survival of stressed cells by reprogramming gene expression and inhibiting pro-apoptoti...

We demonstrate existence of waves localized at the interface of two nonlinear periodic media with different coefficients of the cubic nonlinearity via the one-dimensional Gross–Pitaevsky equation. We call these waves the surface gap solitons (SGS). In the case of smooth symmetric periodic potentials, we study analytically bifurcations of SGS’s from standard gap solitons and determine numericall...

From 2004 to 2011, the Canada-Pakistan HIV/AIDS Surveillance Project (HASP) worked with government and non-government partners in Pakistan to design and implement an HIV second generation surveillance (SGS) system. Insights into the development of scalable cost effective surveillance methodologies, implementation, use of data for HIV prevention and human rights were gained over the course of HA...

Second-generation sequencers (SGS) have been game-changing, achieving cost-effective whole genome sequencing in many non-model organisms. However, a large portion of the genomes still remains unassembled. We reconstructed azuki bean (Vigna angularis) genome using single molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technology and achieved the best contiguity and coverage among currently assembled legume...

We demonstrate, in the context of implicit-filtering large eddy simulations (LESs) of geostrophic turbulence, that while the attractor of a well-resolved statistically stationary turbulent flow can be reached in a coarsely resolved LES that is forced by the subgrid scale (SGS) terms diagnosed from the well-resolved computation, the attractor is generically unstable: the coarsely resolved LES sy...

Causation, Prediction, and Search by Spirtes, Glymour, and Scheines (SGS) is an ambitious book. SGS claim to have methods for discovering causal relations based only on empirical data, with no need for subjectmatter knowledge. These methods—which combine graph theory, statistics and computer science—are said to allow quick, virtually automated, conversion of association to causation. The algori...

The subcellular localization of cytoplasmic mRNAs plays a significant role in controlling translation. In response to stress, eukaryotic cells quickly sequester “house-keeping” mRNAs to stress granules (SGs) in order to allow preferential translation of mRNAs that encode molecular chaperones and repair enzymes. SGs form when translation initiation is stalled: either the ternary complex becomes ...

The molecular mechanisms that sort migrating neural crest cells (NCCs) along a shared pathway into two functionally discrete structures, the dorsal root ganglia and sympathetic ganglia (SGs), are unknown. We report here that this patterning is attributable in part to differential expression of the chemokine receptor, CXCR4. We show that (1) a distinct subset of ventrally migrating NCCs express ...